大泉沟水库不同水文时期浮游动物群落特征及其对水环境因子的响应
Characteristics of Zooplankton Communities and Their Responses to Water Environmental Factors during Different Hydrological Periods of the Daquangou Reservoir
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摘要: 于枯水期（2015年10月）、丰水期（2016年4月）和平水期（2016年7月）对大泉沟水库内4个采样点进行了3次水样及浮游生物调查，对水库浮游动物密度及生物量与水体环境因子进行Pearson相关性分析，以探究大泉沟水库浮游动物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系，并对水质状况进行综合评价，为库区水资源保护和渔业可持续发展提供参考依据。此次调查研究共鉴定出浮游动物39种，其中，轮虫21种，枝角类8种，桡足类5种，原生动物5种；整个采样时期均是优势种的浮游动物（Y>0.02）有7种。此外，浮游动物的物种数、优势种类和密度在平水期达到最大值，生物量则在枯水期达到最大值。通过单因子方差分析发现，3次调查期间浮游动物的密度变化显著（P<0.01），物种组成和优势种差异显著（P<0.05），生物量变化不大。据水体理化因子及浮游动物优势种等指数综合评价大泉沟水库为中-富营养型。Pearson相关性分析结果显示，水深、总磷含量、高锰酸盐指数和溶解氧是大泉沟水库浮游动物群落结构变化的主要影响因子。Abstract: Water samples and plankton surveys were conducted three times at four sampling sites in Daquangou Reservoir during dry season (October 2015), wet season (April 2016) and normal season (July 2016). A Pearson correlation analysis between the density & biomass of zooplankton and environmental factors was used to explore the relationship between zooplankton community and environmental factors in Daquangou Reservoir, and a comprehensive water quality evaluation was also performed. A total of 39 species of zooplankton were identified in this study, including 21 species of rotifera, 8 species of cladocerans, 5 species of copepods, and 5 species of protozoa. There were 7 dominant zooplankton species (Y>0.02) throughout all three sampling periods. Furthermore, the number of zooplankton species, dominant species and species richness all reached a maximum in peace period, while the biomass reached a maximum in dry season. The one-way ANOVA results indicated that the species richness of zooplankton was significantly different among different sampling periods (P<0.01), and the species composition and dominant species were also significantly different (P<0.05); however, the biomass was at similar level throughout the sampling periods. According to the main nutrient concentration and various indicators of the water samples, the water quality of Daquangou Reservoir belonged to medium-eutrophication type. The Pearson correlation analysis showed that the water depth, total phosphorus, potassium permanganate index and dissolved oxygen were the main factors affecting the zooplankton community structure fluctuations in Daquangou Reservoir. This study will provide valuable information for water resources protection and sustainable fisheries in reservoir area.
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Key words:
- reservoir /
- zooplankton /
- community composition /
- aquatic environment factors /
- water quality
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