羧基化多壁碳纳米管与镉复合干扰蚕豆幼苗生理特性的研究
Study on the Disturbation of Physiological Characteristics in Vicia faba L. Seedlings Exposed to Combination of Carboxylated Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Cadmium
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摘要: 为探究羧基化多壁碳纳米管（MWCNTs-COOH）复合镉（Cd）对蚕豆幼苗的毒性效应，利用水培实验研究了MWCNTs-COOH（0、1.5、3.0、6.0和12.0 mg·L-1）与Cd（10 μmol·L-1）单一、复合胁迫下蚕豆幼苗生理的变化。结果表明，MWCNTs-COOH单一处理，随着其浓度的增加，根系活力呈下降趋势，当浓度达到12.0 mg·L-1时，与对照相比下降35.7%；低浓度的MWCNTs-COOH促使叶绿素含量增加，且1.5 mg·L-1 MWCNTs-COOH显著诱导叶中过氧化物酶（POD）活性升高；6.0～12.0 mg·L-1 MWCNTs-COOH促进叶·O2-产生速率加快，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性升高，叶中红褐色斑点增多；MWCNTs-COOH浓度为12.0 mg·L-1时，根·O2-产生速率显著加快，SOD活性下降，根细胞染色加深，死亡加剧。MWCNTs-COOH与Cd复合后，当MWCNTs-COOH低于6.0 mg·L-1，与MWCNTs-COOH单一处理组比较，根系活力未见明显变化；增至6.0 mg·L-1后，根系活力降低至10 μmol·L-1 Cd单独处理组之下。所有复合处理组根和叶丙二醛（MDA）含量皆高于对应的MWCNTs-COOH单一处理，6.0 mg·L-1 MWCNTs-COOH复合Cd诱导根和叶POD活性增加，而12.0 mg·L-1 MWCNTs-COOH与Cd共同作用使叶中红褐色斑点加深且所占叶面积加大，达到64.02%，H2O2含量急剧增加，根尖细胞受损并部分脱落。因此，高浓度的MWCNTs-COOH能够加剧Cd对蚕豆幼苗的氧化胁迫。Abstract: In order to explore the joint toxic effects of carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-COOH) and cadmium (Cd) on Vicia faba seedlings, the physiological changes of the seedlings hydroponically cultured in solution of MWCNTs-COOH (0, 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, and 12.0 mg·L-1), Cd (10 μmol·L-1) alone or their combination were investigated in present experiments. The results showed that root activities tended to decrease with the increase of the single treatment concentration of MWCNTs-COOH. The root activity decreased by 35.7% at 12.0 mg·L-1 MWCNTs-COOH in comparison to that of the control. In addition, low concentrations of MWCNTs-COOH promoted the production of chlorophyll, and peroxidase (POD) activity was significantly elevated at 1.5 mg·L-1 MWCNTs-COOH compared with the control in the leaves. Moreover,·O2- production rates, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and reddish-brown spots were increased with the increase of MWCNTs-COOH concentration from 6.0 to 12.0 mg·L-1 in the leaves. In roots, at 12.0 mg·L-1 MWCNTs-COOH, the·O2- was significantly produced, and the SOD activity was obviously declined compared with the control. Additionally, the dead cells in stained roots increased under the treatment. Under the combination of MWCNTs-COOH and Cd, no obvious changes were observed in the root activities at the concentrations of MWCNTs-COOH lower than 6.0 mg·L-1, compared with the single MWCNTs treatments with the corresponding concentrations. When the MWCNTs-COOH increased up to 6.0 mg·L-1, the root activities decreased below that of 10 μmol·L-1 Cd single treatment. Malondialdehyde (MDA) contents increased to be more than the corresponding treatment of MWCNTs-COOH in the roots or leaves under the combined treatments. POD activity was boosted in all the roots or leaves under the joint treatment by 6.0 mg·L-1 MWCNTs-COOH and 10 μmol·L-1 Cd. Particularly, the reddish-brown spots were expanded to 64.02%, and hydrogen peroxide production was markedly accumulated in the leaves, while the root tip cells were damaged and partially fell off the roots under the combination of 12.0 mg·L-1 MWCNTs-COOH and 10 μmol·L-1 Cd. Thus, it can be concluded that higher concentrations of MWCNTs-COOH (no less than 6.0 mg·L-1) may exacerbate the oxidative stress in V. faba seedlings exposed to Cd in culture solution.
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Key words:
- MWCNTs-COOH /
- Cd /
- Vicia faba seedlings /
- toxic effect
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