基于表面增强拉曼光谱的微纳塑料肝脏内暴露检测方法研究
Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy-Based Detection Methods of Intrahepatic Exposure of Micro(nano)-Plastics
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摘要: 微纳塑料因其难以降解和小尺寸特性可能危害人类健康，目前已报道大量微纳塑料检测手段，但是主要集中于食物和环境样本中，尚缺乏评估微纳塑料生物体内暴露水平的研究。表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）因其灵敏度高、检测速度快和数据处理简单等优点，具有良好的应用前景。本研究基于金核银壳为基底的SERS技术，旨在开发一种高灵敏准确的检测手段评估微纳塑料肝脏内的暴露水平。首先对尺寸为1 000 nm的聚苯乙烯微塑料进行物理化学性质表征。随后通过柠檬酸钠还原法成功制备形貌完整且粒径分布均一的30 nm金核银壳纳米粒子（Au@Ag NPs）。采用SERS对梯度稀释的微塑料标准品溶液进行检测，SERS成功检测浓度范围在10～0.05 mg·mL-1的聚苯乙烯微塑料标准品，绘制标准曲线并计算最低检测限为0.0175 mg·mL-1。构建小鼠微塑料尾静脉注射模型，使用SERS对小鼠肝脏内微塑料浓度进行检测，计算得到肝组织悬液中的微塑料浓度为0.493 mg·mL-1。本研究建立的以Au@Ag为基底的SERS方法可实现肝脏内微塑料浓度的精确定量，弥补微塑料器官内暴露水平评价方法的空缺，为微塑料对人体危害的内暴露研究提供技术支持。Abstract: Micro(nano)-plastics has become a potential threat to human health due to their degradation resistance and small particle size. Numerous detection methods for micro(nano)-plastics have been developed, which are mainly applied in food or environmental samples. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has the advantages of high sensitivity, fast detection speed, and simple data processing, which can be potentially used in micro(nano)-plastics detection. Our study aims to establish a highly sensitive and accurate detection method, based on SERS, to evaluate the internal exposure level of micro(nano)-plastic. The physical and chemical properties of 1 000 nm polystyrene microplastics were characterized. Subsequently, gold core silver shell nanoparticles (Au@Ag NPs) with complete morphology and 30 nm particle size were prepared by sodium citrate reduction method. Results showed that SERS could successfully detect polystyrene microplastics standard solution with a concentration ranging from 10 mg·mL-1 to 0.05 mg·mL-1 and the limit of detection was 0.0175 mg·mL-1. Finally, the microplastics exposure model in mice was constructed by tail vein injection, and the concentration of microplastics in liver tissue suspension was 0.493 mg·mL-1 by SERS detection. In brief, the SERS method based on Au@Ag accurately quantify the concentration of microplastics in liver and provide technics for the study of micro(nano)-plastics' damage to human body.
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