土壤和食物中砷生物可给性与生物有效性研究进展
Research Progress of Arsenic Bio-accessibility and Bioavailability in Soils and Foods
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摘要: 砷是一种环境中广泛存在致癌元素。土壤中的砷污染不仅会影响作物的产量和质量，而且还可通过食物链扩散到人体，严重威胁人类健康。近些年来，研究人员对砷生物有效性和可给性开展了系列相关研究。本文对重金属砷的来源与危害进行了归纳；对砷生物可给性与生物有效性的概念及两者之间的联系进行了总结；对in vivo、Caco-2细胞模型以及7种in vitro方法进行了分析概括；总结分析了不同因素（砷浓度及其形态、矿物质元素、营养状态和结肠微生物等）对土壤和食物中砷生物可给性和生物有效性产生的影响。最后，本文对未来砷生物有效性与可给性的评估及砷污染机制探索工作进行了展望，提出标准化体外胃肠模型的应用将使砷健康风险评估结果更为可靠。Abstract: Arsenic (As) is an ubiquitous carcinogenic element in the environment. As pollution in soil not only affects the yield and quality of crops, but also may spread through the food chain to the human body, which has a serious threat to human health. In recent years, researchers have conducted a series of studies on the As bio-accessibility and bioavailability. The purposes of this paper are to summarize the sources and hazards of arsenic; to sum up the concept and link between As bio-accessibility and bioavailability; to analyze and summarize the in-vivo, Caco-2 cell model and 7 in-vitro methods; to generalize the contributory factors of As bio-accessibility and bioavailability, such as the total concentration and speciation of arsenic, mineral elements, nutritional status, colon microorganisms and other factors which have a positive or negative effect on As bio-accessibility and bioavailability. Finally, the assessment of arsenic bioavailability and bio-accessibility in the future and the exploration of arsenic pollution mechanisms are prospected, and the results of arsenic health risk assessment are more reliable through standardized in vitro gastrointestinal models.
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Key words:
- arsenic /
- intestinal microorganisms /
- bio-accessibility /
- bioavailability /
- soils /
- foods
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