三氯卡班对蚯蚓的氧化胁迫及DNA损伤
Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage of Triclocarban on Earthworms
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摘要: 三氯卡班（triclocarban，TCC）是一种常见的抗菌化合物，被广泛用作药品、个人护理品及家居清洁产品的成分，并随废水和污泥进入土壤中。为探究TCC对土壤生物蚯蚓的氧化胁迫等毒性效应，将赤子爱胜蚓暴露于TCC浓度为0、5、10、20和40 mg·kg-1的人工土壤中，在染毒第7、14、21和28天时取样测定，研究其超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、过氧化物酶（POD）、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GST）活性、丙二醛（MDA）、活性氧（ROS）含量的变化以及细胞DNA的损伤程度。结果表明：（1）TCC胁迫下，各浓度处理组的SOD和POD活性大致呈先激活后抑制的趋势，且部分浓度处理组与对照组间存在显著性差异（P<0.05）；染毒后期，TCC在蚯蚓体内不断累积，对机体的损伤加大，SOD、POD和GST活性受到抑制；（2）40 mg·kg-1处理组CAT活性在整个实验周期内始终被抑制，表明高浓度TCC对CAT活性胁迫作用过重；（3）GST活性在14 d时达到最高，且随暴露浓度的增加，激活作用明显增强，低、高浓度处理组间差异显著（P<0.05）；（4）在整个暴露期内，处理组的MDA和ROS含量均高于对照组。与空白（CK）组相比，各处理组MDA含量均升高，且差异显著（P<0.05）；染毒28 d时，ROS含量开始回落并接近空白水平，表明机体具有一定的自我修复能力，但染毒浓度对ROS含量的影响并无明显规律；（5）Olive尾矩和DNA损伤程度随TCC浓度的增加而增加。这些结果表明，TCC能诱导蚯蚓细胞产生氧化应激反应，并诱导ROS的形成，但ROS失去动态平衡后会造成蚯蚓脂质过氧化和DNA损伤。Abstract: Triclocarban (TCC), a common antibacterial compound, has been widely used in pharmaceuticals, personal care and household cleaning products, which will enter the soil with wastewater and sludge. The aim of this study is to assess the potential toxicity of TCC to earthworms (Eisenia foetida) in artificial soil. In this study, effects of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), glutathione transferase (GST) activity as well as the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected. TCC was added to artificial soil in the amounts of 0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg per kg of soil. Earthworms were exposed to each treatment and collected on the 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th day. The activities of SOD and POD in earthworms showed a trend of activation at the beginning and an inhibition towards the end. After 28 days of exposure, the activities of SOD, POD and GST were significantly inhibited due to accumulation of TCC. CAT activity of the 40 mg·kg-1 treatment group was inhibited during the experimental period, indicating that high concentration of TCC had an excessive effect on CAT. GST activity increased with the increase of TCC concentration, and reached the highest level on the 14th day. The difference between the low and high concentration treatment group was significant (P<0.05). ROS and MDA contents of treatment groups were higher than that of the control group throughout the whole test period, indicating that TCC could lead to oxidative stress. After 28 days, ROS content decreased, which can be attributed to the self-repairing capability of earthworm. The Olive tail moment and DNA damage degree increased with increasing concentration of TCC. These results suggested that TCC induced oxidative stress on earthworm, and then caused membrane peroxidation and DNA damage.
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Key words:
- triclocarban /
- toxic effect /
- oxidative stress /
- DNA damage
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