微塑料对啮齿动物毒性效应研究进展
Research Progress on Toxicity of Microplastics to Rodents
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摘要: 全球塑料产量连年激增。自然环境和生活环境中的塑料通过各种外力作用分解成<5 mm的微塑料，并广泛存在于大气、水体、土壤甚至于瓶装水和茶叶中。微塑料主要通过吸入和摄入2种方式进入人体，并对人体产生潜在的健康风险。以往的水生生物微塑料健康风险模型不能很好地反映人体微塑料暴露的健康风险。为此，本文基于已有的研究，系统阐述了微塑料暴露在啮齿动物中的蓄积部位和蓄积量及其影响因素，毒性效应影响因素、单一微塑料暴露和与其他污染物联合暴露下的毒性效应及机制，并展望了未来的研究方向，为进一步完善啮齿动物微塑料健康风险模型和人体微塑料暴露健康风险评估提供了科学线索和参考。Abstract: Global plastic production has risen dramatically year after year. Plastics in the natural and living environment are broken down into microplastics less than 5 mm long which are widely present in the atmosphere, water, soil and even in bottled water and tea. Microplastics enter the human body mainly through inhalation and ingestion, and pose potential health risks to humans. To date, the health risk models of aquatic microplastics could not reflect the health hazard of microplastics in the human. Here, this paper summarized systematically the accumulation site and accumulation amount of microplastics in rodents and its influencing factors, influencing factors of toxic effects, toxic effects and mechanism of single microplastic exposure and combined exposure with other pollutants. It also looks forward to the future research direction, providing scientific clues and references for further improving the health risk model of rodent for microplastics and the health risk assessment of human microplastic exposure.
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Key words:
- microplastics /
- rodents /
- toxic effects
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