汞对雪衣藻光合系统Ⅱ及能量分配的影响
Toxic Effects of Mercury on Photosynthetic System Ⅱ and Energy Allocation in Chlamydomonas nivalis
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摘要: 为探究汞离子对藻细胞的毒性效应，选择雪衣藻(Chlamydomonas nivalis)作为受试生物，测定了不同浓度汞离子处理96 h，雪衣藻的生长、光合色素、叶绿素荧光活性和光合放氧速率等指标。结果显示，随着汞离子浓度升高，雪衣藻单位细胞叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量均显著减少，光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)光合活性显著降低，PSⅡ受体侧的电子传递能力相对下降，造成电子积累，导致能量分配失衡，最终抑制了细胞生长；同时，雪衣藻改变其光合能量分配策略来增加细胞对汞胁迫的耐受能力，既满足自身生长和代谢所需能量，又保护和缓解汞对其光合系统的损伤、确保细胞的存活。研究结果确认，叶绿素a、叶绿素b和PSⅡ的电子传递链均是汞离子的作用靶标。本研究有助于深入认识汞对藻细胞的作用机制，为评估汞的生态毒性提供依据。Abstract: In order to investigate the toxic effects of heavy metal mercury on algae cells, Chlamydomonas nivalis was selected as the test organism, parameters of growth, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll fluorescence activity and oxygen release rate were measured at different concentrations of mercury. The results showed that chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b were significantly reduced with the increase of mercury concentration, the photosynthetic activity of photosystem Ⅱ (PSⅡ) was significantly decreased, and the electron transport capacity of the receptor side of PSⅡ was reduced, resulting in electron accumulation and imbalance of energy distribution, and finally inhibiting the growth of algal cells. At the same time, photosynthetic energy allocation strategies were changed to increase cell’s tolerance to mercury stress, which not only met the energy required for growth and metabolism, but also protected and alleviated the damage of mercury to the photosynthetic system, and ensured the survival of algal cells. The results indicated that chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and the electron transport chains of PSⅡ were the targets of mercury. This study contributed a deep insight into the toxic mechanism of mercury on algal cells and provides a basis for assessing the ecotoxicity of mercury.
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Key words:
- mercury /
- Chlamydomonas nivalis /
- PSⅡ /
- toxic effect
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