石油烃污染土壤中蚯蚓对PAHs富集研究
Enrichment of PAHs by Earthworms in Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soil
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摘要: 为探究石油烃污染胁迫下土壤生物对多环芳烃（PAHs）的富集作用，以赤子爱胜蚓（Eisenia foetida）为受试生物，分别暴露于不同浓度（0～20 g·kg-1）石油烃7、14、21和28 d，测定蚯蚓体内总PAHs及各环PAHs的生物富集量和生物富集系数（BCF），评价了石油污染土壤对蚯蚓的PAHs富集特征的影响。结果表明，与无石油烃暴露对照组相比，蚯蚓对总PAHs及各环PAHs的富集量均显著（P<0.05）增长，且随石油烃染毒浓度和暴露时间增加而提高，表现出很强的富集效应。在同一浓度石油烃污染暴露下，蚯蚓对PAHs 2环、3环和4环富集量显著（P<0.05）大于5环和6环富集量，并且石油烃浓度越大，这种选择性富集特征越明显。而且，随着石油烃染毒浓度的增加，蚯蚓对总PAHs及各环PAHs的BCF呈现先增大后减小趋势。以上结果说明，蚯蚓对PAHs的生物富集量与BCF之间没有特别明显的相关关系。本研究结果为评估石油烃及PAHs污染对土壤生物生态健康风险提供了基础数据和参考依据。Abstract: To study the enrichment effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on soil organisms in petroleum-contaminated soil, the earthworm Eisenia foetida was selected as the test organisms. After exposure to petroleum with different concentrations (0~20 g·kg-1) for 7, 14, 21 and 28 d, respectively, and then the bio-enrichment and bio-concentration factors (BCF) of total PAHs and various cyclic PAHs in earthworms were measured. Moreover, the effects of petroleum-contaminated soil on the enrichment characteristics of PAHs in earthworms were also evaluated. The results showed that the enrichment of total PAHs and various cyclic PAHs by earthworms was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of the control group, and was also increased with the increase of petroleum hydrocarbon concentration and exposure time, showing a strong enrichment effect. For the same concentration of petroleum hydrocarbon exposure, the bioaccumulation of two ring, three ring, four ring PAHs were higher than those five and six ring PAHs in earthworm. With the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbon increased, the above selective enrichment characteristics was more obvious. Additionally, the BCF of total PAHs and various cyclic PAHs in earthworm increased firstly and then decreased when the petroleum hydrocarbon concentration increased. These results indicated that there was no significant correlation between the bio-enrichment and BCF of PAHs in earthworm. The results provided a basic data and reference for assessing the ecological risk of petroleum hydrocarbon and PAHs pollution to soil organisms.
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Key words:
- petroleum hydrocarbon /
- PAHs /
- earthworms /
- enrichment effect /
- ecological risk
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