土壤中微塑料的来源、分布及其对土壤潜在影响的研究进展
Research Progress on Sources, Distribution and Potential Effects of Microplastics in Soil
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摘要: 微塑料（< 5 mm）污染无处不在，已成为严重的全球环境问题。近年来对微塑料污染的研究主要集中在水生生态系统上，而对陆地环境中微塑料的认识还存在差距。本文阐述了土壤中微塑料的来源和分布特征，探讨了微塑料对土壤理化性质、肥力和养分影响，分析了微塑料对土壤动物的毒性效应和潜在食物链风险。最后，本文根据现有研究文献，指出了微塑料在土壤污染和土壤动物毒性效应上的不足之处；提出了微塑料在环境命运、评估体系和食物链风险等方面的未来研究潜力。总之，本文扩大了目前微塑料污染对土壤系统影响的认识，可为今后的研究提供前瞻性的指导。Abstract: Microplastics (MPs < 5 mm) pollution is ubiquitous and has become a severe global environmental issue. Recent studies on MPs pollution mainly focus on aquatic ecosystems, while knowledge gaps still exist in relation to effects of MPs on terrestrial environments. In this paper, the sources and distribution characteristics of MPs in soils, as well as the effects of MPs on soil physicochemical properties, fertility, and nutrients were reviewed. The toxic effects of MPs on soil animals and the potential transferring risk of MPs along food chains were also analyzed. Finally, based on the existing literatures, we pointed out the deficiencies of current studies on soil pollution of MPs and the toxicity of MPs to soil animals, proposed the future research directions of MPs pollution, including environmental fate, risk assessment system and transferring along food chains. Overall, this paper will expand the current understanding of the impacts of MPs pollution on soil ecosystems and provide forward-looking guidance for future researches.
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Key words:
- microplastics /
- soil animals /
- soil environment /
- toxic effects /
- source /
- distribution
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