| Thompson R C, Olsen Y, Mitchell R P, et al. Lost at sea:Where is all the plastic? [J]. Science, 2004, 304(5672):838 |
| Sridharan S, Kumar M, Bolan N S, et al. Are microplastics destabilizing the global network of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem services? [J]. Environmental Research, 2021, 198:111243 |
| Kumar M, Chen H Y, Sarsaiya S, et al. Current research trends on micro- and nano-plastics as an emerging threat to global environment:A review [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2021, 409:124967 |
| Lu J, Yu Z G, Ngiam L, et al. Microplastics as potential carriers of viruses could prolong virus survival and infectivity [J]. Water Research, 2022, 225:119115 |
| Ivleva N P, Wiesheu A C, Niessner R. Microplastic in aquatic ecosystems [J]. Angewandte Chemie (International ed in English), 2017, 56(7):1720-1739 |
| Song K, Xue Y P, Li L, et al. Impact and microbial mechanism of continuous nanoplastics exposure on the urban wastewater treatment process [J]. Water Research, 2022, 223:119017 |
| Tong H Y, Zhong X C, Duan Z H, et al. Micro- and nanoplastics released from biodegradable and conventional plastics during degradation:Formation, aging factors, and toxicity [J]. The Science of the Total Environment, 2022, 833:155275 |
| Yuan J H, Ma J, Sun Y R, et al. Microbial degradation and other environmental aspects of microplastics/plastics [J]. The Science of the Total Environment, 2020, 715:136968 |
| Tokiwa Y, Calabia B, Ugwu C, et al. Biodegradability of plastics [J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2009, 10(9):3722-3742 |
| Alshehrei F. Biodegradation of synthetic and natural plastic by microorganisms [J]. Journal of Applied & Environmental Microbiology, 2017, 5(1):8-19 |
| Ghatge S, Yang Y R, Ahn J H, et al. Biodegradation of polyethylene:A brief review [J]. Applied Biological Chemistry, 2020, 63(1):1-14 |
| Bakir A, Rowland S J, Thompson R C. Enhanced desorption of persistent organic pollutants from microplastics under simulated physiological conditions [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2014, 185:16-23 |
| Auta H S, Emenike C U, Fauziah S H. Screening of Bacillus strains isolated from mangrove ecosystems in Peninsular Malaysia for microplastic degradation [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2017, 231:1552-1559 |
| Auta H S, Emenike C U, Jayanthi B, et al. Growth kinetics and biodeterioration of polypropylene microplastics by Bacillus sp. and Rhodococcus sp. isolated from mangrove sediment [J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2018, 127:15-21 |
| Habib S, Iruthayam A, Abd Shukor M Y, et al. Biodeterioration of untreated polypropylene microplastic particles by Antarctic bacteria [J]. Polymers, 2020, 12(11):2616 |
| Jeon H J, Kim M N. Isolation of a thermophilic bacterium capable of low-molecular-weight polyethylene degradation [J]. Biodegradation, 2013, 24(1):89-98 |
| Mohan A J, Sekhar V C, Bhaskar T, et al. Microbial assisted High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) degradation [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2016, 213:204-207 |
| Yang J, Yang Y, Wu W M, et al. Evidence of polyethylene biodegradation by bacterial strains from the guts of plastic-eating waxworms [J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2014, 48(23):13776-13784 |
| Zhang Z, Peng H R, Yang D C, et al. Polyvinyl chloride degradation by a bacterium isolated from the gut of insect larvae [J]. Nature Communications, 2022, 13(1):5360 |
| Priya K L, Renjith K R, Joseph C J, et al. Fate, transport and degradation pathway of microplastics in aquatic environment:A critical review [J]. Regional Studies in Marine Science, 2022, 56:102647 |
| Dobretsov S, Abed R M, Teplitski M. Mini-review:Inhibition of biofouling by marine microorganisms [J]. Biofouling, 2013, 29(4):423-441 |
| Park S Y, Kim C G. Biodegradation of micro-polyethylene particles by bacterial colonization of a mixed microbial consortium isolated from a landfill site [J]. Chemosphere, 2019, 222:527-533 |
| Meyer-Cifuentes I E, Werner J, Jehmlich N, et al. Synergistic biodegradation of aromatic-aliphatic copolyester plastic by a marine microbial consortium [J]. Nature Communications, 2020, 11(1):5790 |
| Skariyachan S, Setlur A S, Naik S Y, et al. Enhanced biodegradation of low and high-density polyethylene by novel bacterial consortia formulated from plastic-contaminated cow dung under thermophilic conditions [J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2017, 24(9):8443-8457 |
| Syranidou E, Karkanorachaki K, Amorotti F, et al. Biodegradation of weathered polystyrene films in seawater microcosms [J]. Scientific Reports, 2017, 7(1):17991 |
| Muhonja C N, Makonde H, Magoma G, et al. Biodegradability of polyethylene by bacteria and fungi from Dandora dumpsite Nairobi-Kenya [J]. PLoS One, 2018, 13(7):e0198446 |
| Sánchez C. Fungal potential for the degradation of petroleum-based polymers:An overview of macro- and microplastics biodegradation [J]. Biotechnology Advances, 2020, 40:107501 |
| 刘鑫蓓, 董旭晟, 解志红, 等. 土壤中微塑料的生态效应与生物降解[J]. 土壤学报, 2022, 59(2):349-363 Liu X B, Dong X S, Xie Z H, et al. Ecological effects and biodegradation of microplastics in soils [J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2022, 59(2):349-363(in Chinese) |
| Ali S S, Al-Tohamy R, Koutra E, et al. Coupling azo dye degradation and biodiesel production by manganese-dependent peroxidase producing oleaginous yeasts isolated from wood-feeding termite gut symbionts [J]. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 2021, 14(1):61 |
| Paço A, Duarte K, da Costa J P, et al. Biodegradation of polyethylene microplastics by the marine fungus Zalerion maritimum [J]. The Science of the Total Environment, 2017, 586:10-15 |
| Russell J R, Huang J, Anand P, et al. Biodegradation of polyester polyurethane by endophytic fungi [J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2011, 77(17):6076-6084 |
| Yoshida S, Hiraga K, Takehana T, et al. A bacterium that degrades and assimilates poly(ethylene terephthalate) [J]. Science, 2016, 351(6278):1196-1199 |
| Kowalczyk A, Chyc M, Ryszka P, et al. Achromobacter xylosoxidans as a new microorganism strain colonizing high-density polyethylene as a key step to its biodegradation [J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 2016, 23(11):11349-11356 |
| Rajandas H, Parimannan S, Sathasivam K, et al. A novel FTIR-ATR spectroscopy based technique for the estimation of low-density polyethylene biodegradation [J]. Polymer Testing, 2012, 31(8):1094-1099 |
| Shah Z, Krumholz L, Aktas D F, et al. Degradation of polyester polyurethane by a newly isolated soil bacterium, Bacillus subtilis strain MZA-75[J]. Biodegradation, 2013, 24(6):865-877 |
| Yuan J H, Cao J L, Yu F, et al. Microbial degradation of polystyrene microplastics by a novel isolated bacterium in aquatic ecosystem [J]. Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy, 2022, 30:100873 |
| Hooda S, Annu, Mondal P. Insights into the degradation of high-density polyethylene microplastics using microbial strains:Effect of process parameters, degradation kinetics and modeling [J]. Waste Management, 2023, 164:143-153 |
| Zhang J Q, Gao D L, Li Q H, et al. Biodegradation of polyethylene microplastic particles by the fungus Aspergillus flavus from the guts of wax moth Galleria mellonella [J]. The Science of the Total Environment, 2020, 704:135931 |
| Sangale M K, Shahnawaz M, Ade A B. Potential of fungi isolated from the dumping sites mangrove rhizosphere soil to degrade polythene [J]. Scientific Reports, 2019, 9:5390 |
| Munir E, Harefa R M, Priyani N, et al. Plastic degrading fungi Trichoderma viride and Aspergillus nomius isolated from local landfill soil in Medan [J]. IOP Conference Series:Earth and Environmental Science, 2018, 126:012145 |
| Yang Y, Yang J, Wu W M, et al. Biodegradation and mineralization of polystyrene by plastic-eating mealworms:Part 2. Role of gut microorganisms [J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2015, 49(20):12087-12093 |
| Syranidou E, Karkanorachaki K, Amorotti F, et al. Development of tailored indigenous marine consortia for the degradation of naturally weathered polyethylene films [J]. PLoS One, 2017, 12(8):e0183984 |
| Huerta Lwanga E, Thapa B, Yang X M, et al. Decay of low-density polyethylene by bacteria extracted from earthworm's guts:A potential for soil restoration [J]. The Science of the Total Environment, 2018, 624:753-757 |
| Sudhakar M, Doble M, Murthy P S, et al. Marine microbe-mediated biodegradation of low- and high-density polyethylenes [J]. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2008, 61(3):203-213 |
| Tsiota P, Karkanorachaki K, Syranidou E, et al. Microbial Degradation of HDPE Secondary Microplastics:Preliminary Results [M]//Springer Water. Cham:Springer International Publishing, 2017:181-188 |
| Xiang P, Zhang Y F, Zhang T, et al. A novel bacterial combination for efficient degradation of polystyrene microplastics [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2023, 458:131856 |
| Atugoda T, Vithanage M, Wijesekara H, et al. Interactions between microplastics, pharmaceuticals and personal care products:Implications for vector transport [J]. Environment International, 2021, 149:106367 |
| Rummel C D, Jahnke A, Gorokhova E, et al. Impacts of biofilm formation on the fate and potential effects of microplastic in the aquatic environment [J]. Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 2017, 4(7):258-267 |
| Oberbeckmann S, Löder M G J, Labrenz M. Marine microplastic-associated biofilms:A review [J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2015, 12(5):551 |
| Zhang B, Yang X, Liu L C, et al. Spatial and seasonal variations in biofilm formation on microplastics in coastal waters [J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2021, 770:145303 |
| Zettler E R, Mincer T J, Amaral-Zettler L A. Life in the plastisphere:Microbial communities on plastic marine debris [J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2013, 47(13):7137-7146 |
| Kalčíková G, Skalar T, Marolt G, et al. An environmental concentration of aged microplastics with adsorbed silver significantly affects aquatic organisms [J]. Water Research, 2020, 175:115644 |
| Nguyen H T, Choi W, Kim E J, et al. Microbial community niches on microplastics and prioritized environmental factors under various urban riverine conditions [J]. The Science of the Total Environment, 2022, 849:157781 |
| Weinstein J E, Crocker B K, Gray A D. From macroplastic to microplastic:Degradation of high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene in a salt marsh habitat [J]. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2016, 35(7):1632-1640 |
| Sun Y R, Yuan J H, Zhou T, et al. Laboratory simulation of microplastics weathering and its adsorption behaviors in an aqueous environment:A systematic review [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2020, 265(Pt B):114864 |
| Lobelle D, Cunliffe M. Early microbial biofilm formation on marine plastic debris [J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2011, 62(1):197-200 |
| McCormick A, Hoellein T J, Mason S A, et al. Microplastic is an abundant and distinct microbial habitat in an urban river [J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2014, 48(20):11863-11871 |
| Bhardwaj H, Gupta R, Tiwari A. Communities of microbial enzymes associated with biodegradation of plastics [J]. Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 2013, 21(2):575-579 |
| Ogonowski M, Motiei A, Ininbergs K, et al. Evidence for selective bacterial community structuring on microplastics [J]. Environmental Microbiology, 2018, 20(8):2796-2808 |
| Yan N, Fan C M, Chen Y H, et al. The potential for microalgae as bioreactors to produce pharmaceuticals [J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2016, 17(6):962 |
| Sharma M, Saini G S, Prashar E, et al. The effect of world markets on Indian policy rates [J]. The Journal of Wealth Management, 2014, 16(4):43-47 |
| Sarmah P, Rout J. Algal colonization on polythene carry bags in a domestic solid waste dumping site of Silchar Town in Assam [J]. Phykos, 2018, 48(1):67-77 |
| Kumar R, Kanna G R, Elumalai S. Biodegradation of polyethylene by green photosynthetic microalgae [J]. Journal of Bioremediation and Biodegradation, 2017, 2017:1-8 |
| Kim J W, Park S B, Tran Q G, et al. Functional expression of polyethylene terephthalate-degrading enzyme (PETase) in green microalgae [J]. Microbial Cell Factories, 2020, 19(1):97 |
| Singh B, Sharma N. Mechanistic implications of plastic degradation [J]. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2008, 93(3):561-584 |
| Cowan A R, Costanzo C M, Benham R, et al. Fungal bioremediation of polyethylene:Challenges and perspectives [J]. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2022, 132(1):78-89 |
| Iiyoshi Y, Tsutsumi Y, Nishida T. Polyethylene degradation by lignin-degrading fungi and manganese peroxidase [J]. Journal of Wood Science, 1998, 44(3):222-229 |
| Jeon H J, Kim M N. Functional analysis of alkane hydroxylase system derived from Pseudomonas aeruginosa E7 for low molecular weight polyethylene biodegradation [J]. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2015, 103:141-146 |
| Santo M, Weitsman R, Sivan A. The role of the copper-binding enzyme-laccase-in the biodegradation of polyethylene by the actinomycete Rhodococcus ruber [J]. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2013, 84:204-210 |
| Eyheraguibel B, Traikia M, Fontanella S, et al. Characterization of oxidized oligomers from polyethylene films by mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy before and after biodegradation by a Rhodococcus rhodochrous strain [J]. Chemosphere, 2017, 184:366-374 |
| Ho B T, Roberts T K, Lucas S. An overview on biodegradation of polystyrene and modified polystyrene:The microbial approach [J]. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, 2018, 38(2):308-320 |
| Zhang Y, Pedersen J N, Eser B E, et al. Biodegradation of polyethylene and polystyrene:From microbial deterioration to enzyme discovery [J]. Biotechnology Advances, 2022, 60:107991 |
| Hou L Y, Majumder E L. Potential for and distribution of enzymatic biodegradation of polystyrene by environmental microorganisms [J]. Materials, 2021, 14(3):503 |
| Potrykus M, Redko V, Głowacka K, et al. Polypropylene structure alterations after 5 years of natural degradation in a waste landfill [J]. The Science of the Total Environment, 2021, 758:143649 |
| Billen P, Khalifa L, van Gerven F, et al. Technological application potential of polyethylene and polystyrene biodegradation by macro-organisms such as mealworms and wax moth larvae [J]. The Science of the Total Environment, 2020, 735:139521 |
| Jain K, Bhunia H, Reddy M S. Degradation of polypropylene-poly-L-lactide blends by Bacillus isolates:A microcosm and field evaluation [J]. Bioremediation Journal, 2022, 26(1):64-75 |
| de Oliveira T A, Barbosa R, Mesquita A B S, et al. Fungal degradation of reprocessed PP/PBAT/thermoplastic starch blends [J]. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2020, 9(2):2338-2349 |
| Zhao T, Tan L J, Huang W Q, et al. The interactions between micro polyvinyl chloride (mPVC) and marine dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi:The inhibition of growth, chlorophyll and photosynthetic efficiency [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2019, 247:883-889 |
| Khandare S D, Chaudhary D R, Jha B. Marine bacteria-based polyvinyl chloride (PVC) degradation by-products:Toxicity analysis on Vigna radiata and edible seaweed Ulva lactuca [J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2022, 175:113366 |
| Webb J S, Nixon M, Eastwood I M, et al. Fungal colonization and biodeterioration of plasticized polyvinyl chloride [J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2000, 66(8):3194-3200 |
| Khandare S D, Chaudhary D R, Jha B. Bioremediation of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) films by marine bacteria [J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2021, 169:112566 |
| Giacomucci L, Raddadi N, Soccio M, et al. Biodegradation of polyvinyl chloride plastic films by enriched anaerobic marine consortia [J]. Marine Environmental Research, 2020, 158:104949 |
| Temporiti M E E, Nicola L, Nielsen E, et al. Fungal enzymes involved in plastics biodegradation [J]. Microorganisms, 2022, 10(6):1180 |
| Ru J K, Huo Y X, Yang Y. Microbial degradation and valorization of plastic wastes [J]. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2020, 11:442 |
| Wei R, Zimmermann W. Microbial enzymes for the recycling of recalcitrant petroleum-based plastics:How far are we? [J]. Microbial Biotechnology, 2017, 10(6):1308-1322 |
| Cui Y L, Chen Y C, Liu X Y, et al. Computational redesign of a PETase for plastic biodegradation under ambient condition by the GRAPE strategy [J]. ACS Catalysis, 2021, 11(3):1340-1350 |
| Lu H Y, Diaz D J, Czarnecki N J, et al. Machine learning-aided engineering of hydrolases for PET depolymerization [J]. Nature, 2022, 604(7907):662-667 |
| Carniel A, Valoni É, Nicomedes J, et al. Lipase from Candida antarctica (CALB) and cutinase from Humicola insolens act synergistically for PET hydrolysis to terephthalic acid [J]. Process Biochemistry, 2017, 59:84-90 |
| Danso D, Chow J, Streit W R. Plastics:Environmental and biotechnological perspectives on microbial degradation [J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2019, 85(19):e01095-e01019 |
| Seymour R B, Kauffman G B. Polyurethanes:A class of modern versatile materials [J]. Journal of Chemical Education, 1992, 69(11):909 |
| Howard G T, Ruiz C, Hilliard N P. Growth of Pseudomonas chlororaphis on apolyester-polyurethane and the purification and characterization of a polyurethanase-esterase enzyme [J]. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 1999, 43(1-2):7-12 |
| Gautam R, Bassi A S, Yanful E K. Candida rugosa lipase-catalyzed polyurethane degradation in aqueous medium [J]. Biotechnology Letters, 2007, 29(7):1081-1086 |
| 邵宗泽, 董纯明, 郭文斌, 等. 海洋微塑料污染与塑料降解微生物研究进展[J]. 应用海洋学学报, 2019, 38(4):490-501 Shao Z Z, Dong C M, Guo W B, et al. Marine microplastic distribution and plastic-degrading microorganisms:A review [J]. Journal of Applied Oceanography, 2019, 38(4):490-501(in Chinese) |
| Akutsu Y, Nakajima-Kambe T, Nomura N, et al. Purification and properties of a polyester polyurethane-degrading enzyme from Comamonas acidovorans TB-35[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1998, 64(1):62-67 |
| Howard G T. Biodegradation of polyurethane:A review [J]. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2002, 49(4):245-252 |
| Oelschlägel M, Gröning J A, Tischler D, et al. Styrene oxide isomerase of Rhodococcus opacus 1CP, a highly stable and considerably active enzyme [J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2012, 78(12):4330-4337 |
| Sowmya H V, Ramalingappa, Krishnappa M, et al. Degradation of polyethylene by Trichoderma harzianum:SEM, FTIR, and NMR analyses [J]. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2014, 186(10):6577-6586 |
| Ruiz C, Main T, Hilliard N P, et al. Purification and characterization of two polyurethanase enzymes from Pseudomonas chlororaphis [J]. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 1999, 43(1-2):43-47 |
| Min K, Cuiffi J D, Mathers R T. Ranking environmental degradation trends of plastic marine debris based on physical properties and molecular structure [J]. Nature Communications, 2020, 11(1):727 |
| Gamerith C, Zartl B, Pellis A, et al. Enzymatic recovery of polyester building blocks from polymer blends [J]. Process Biochemistry, 2017, 59:58-64 |
| Slor G, Papo N, Hananel U, et al. Tuning the molecular weight of polymeric amphiphiles as a tool to access micelles with a wide range of enzymatic degradation rates [J]. Chemical Communications, 2018, 54(50):6875-6878 |
| Amobonye A, Bhagwat P, Singh S, et al. Plastic biodegradation:Frontline microbes and their enzymes [J]. The Science of the Total Environment, 2021, 759:143536 |
| 刘彤瑶, 辛艺, 刘杏忠, 等. 微生物降解塑料的研究进展[J]. 生物工程学报, 2021, 37(8):2688-2702 Liu T Y, Xin Y, Liu X Z, et al. Advances in microbial degradation of plastics [J]. Chinese Journal of Biotechnology, 2021, 37(8):2688-2702(in Chinese) |
| Brebu M. Environmental degradation of plastic composites with natural fillers:A review [J]. Polymers, 2020, 12(1):166 |
| Montazer Z, Habibi-Najafi M B, Mohebbi M, et al. Microbial degradation of UV-pretreated low-density polyethylene films by novel polyethylene-degrading bacteria isolated from plastic-dump soil [J]. Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 2018, 26(9):3613-3625 |
| Venkiteshwaran K, Bocher B, Maki J, et al. Relating anaerobic digestion microbial community and process function [J]. Microbiology Insights, 2015, 8(Suppl 2):37-44 |
| Taghavi N, Zhuang W Q, Baroutian S. Enhanced biodegradation of non-biodegradable plastics by UV radiation:Part 1[J]. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2021, 9(6):106464 |