摘要:
2007年8月在乌鲁木齐市区不同城市功能区(商业区,工业区,居住区)采集了道路沙尘样品67个.利用ICP-MS测定样品中10种重金属元素Cd,Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb,Mn,Be,Co,Zn和U的含量,并运用主成分分析和污染指数(PI和IPI)法对所测含量数据进行分析.结果表明,沙尘样品中10种重金属的平均含量分别为1.05,55.12,101.0,44.66,57.79,929.37,2.79,341.36和2.09mg·kg-1.除了Co和U,其它8种重金属的平均含量都高于它们的背景值.不同功能区道路沙尘中,重金属的综合污染指数差异明显,从高到低依次为工业区4.63、商业区4.08和居住区2.48,其中商业区和工业区都达到了重污染水平,居住区达到中污染水平.不同功能区道路沙尘各重金属的单项污染指数中,Cr,Cu,Pb和Zn在商业区道路沙尘中的污染水平最高,其主要来源应为交通污染源;Cd和Be在工业区道路沙尘中的污染水平最高,其主要来源应为工业污染源;Ni,Co和U在居住区道路沙尘中的污染水平最高,其来源可能与生活污染源有关;而Mn在三个不同功能区的污染水平几乎相同,其主要来源应为自然源.
Abstract:
Road dust samples were collected at 67 locations in different function zones of Urumqi city(commercial areas,industrial-areas,residential areas)during August,2007. The concentrations of Cd,Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb,Mn,Be,Co,Zn and U in 67 road dust samples were determined by ICP-MS instrument. The results showed that the mean concentration of Cd,Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb,Mn,Be,Co,Zn and U were 1.05,55.12,101.0,44.66,57.79,929.37,2.79,341.36 and 2.09 mg·kg-1,respectively. Except that of Co and U,the mean concentrations of the other eight metals were higher than their background values. The integrated pollution indices(IPI)of heavy metals were in the descending order of industrial area(4.63),commercial area(4.08),and residential area(2.48). In different function zones,the largest pollution indices of Cr,Cu,Pb and Zn were found in commercial area,indicating that these metals are mainly from traffic emission; the largest pollution indices of Cd and Be were found in industrial area,indicating that these metals are mainly from industrial sources; and the largest pollution indexes of Ni,Co and U were found in residential area,indicating that these metals are mainly from domestic pollution sources; while,the pollution index of Mn vary little in different function zones,indicating a natural sources of the metal.
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