上虞某铅锌矿区周边土壤植物重金属含量及其污染评价
SURVEY AND CONTAMINATION ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS IN SOIL AND PLANTS AROUND THE Pb/Zn MINE IN SHANGYU, ZHEJIANG PROVINCE
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摘要: 以浙江上虞某废弃铅锌尾矿山为中心点,调查分析了其周边不同采样点(抛荒稻田,污染稻田,林地及普通稻田)土壤和植物中重金属含量及污染状况,结果表明,尾矿山周边各采样点土壤As、Zn、Pb和Cu平均含量为328 mg·kg-1、1760 mg·kg-1、2708 mg·kg-1和287 mg·kg-1,以国家土壤环境质量三级标准作为评价依据进行污染评价,污染稻田和林地土壤综合污染指数均大于3,属于重度污染,普通稻田综合污染指数为2.88,属于中度污染.人工栽培植物其体内重金属含量均表现为根系大于地上部.在各采样点中呈现:抛荒稻田>污染稻田>普通稻田,与各采样点土壤中重金属含量相一致;参照国家农产品安全质量标准GB18406.1—2001,蔬菜中As、Pb限量标准分别为0.5 mg·kg-1和0.2 mg·kg-1,萝卜可食部位砷和铅分别超标5倍和220倍.野生植物体内As、Zn、Pb和Cu平均含量分别为3.69 mg·kg-1,73.23 mg·kg-1,16.32 mg·kg-1和62.20 mg·kg-1.而污染稻田和普通稻田水稻可食部位重金属污染评价结果表明,污染稻田中水稻籽粒为轻度污染,而普通稻田处在警戒限,由此可见,该尾矿周边农田重金属As、Pb、Zn和Cu的污染不容忽视.Abstract: The concentrations of heavy metals (As, Pb, Zn and Cu) in soils and plants were investigated and assessed in different sampling sites around Pb/Zn mine tailing in Shangyu area of Zhejiang Province. The results showed that the concentrations of As,Zn,Pb and Cu in soils were 328 mg·kg-1, 1760 mg·kg-1, 2708 mg·kg-1 and 287 mg·kg-1, respectively. Based on National Soil Environmental Quality Standard of Grade Ⅲ, the comprehensive pollution indexes of contaminated paddy fields and woodland were both higher than 3, which showed the contamination soil reached heavy pollution grade. The index of normal paddy fields was 2.88, which showed moderate pollution. The concentrations of heavy metals in the roots of cultivated plants were higher than those in aboveground parts. Moreover, the heavy metal concentrations in cultivated plants were, abandoned paddy field> contaminated paddy field> normal paddy field, which followed the order in the soils. Among to the National Products Quality Standard (GB18406.1—2001), the residual limits of As and Pb in vegetables are 0.5 mg·kg-1 and 0.2 mg·kg-1, but the concentrations of As and Pb in the edible part of radish were 5 and 220 times higher than the limits. Concentrations of As, Zn, Pb and Cu in the plants were 3.69 mg·kg-1, 73.23 mg·kg-1, 16.32 mg·kg-1 and 62.20 mg·kg-1, respectively. The pollution assessment results for rice grown on contaminated and normal paddy fields showed that the rice on the contaminated paddy field reached light pollution, and on normal paddy field reached alert status. Therefore, As, Pb, Zn and Cu pollution in the Pb/Zn mine tailing can not be ignored.
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Key words:
- Pb/Zn mine /
- soil /
- plant /
- paddy rice /
- heavy metals pollution
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