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水体富营养化是我国目前所面临的水体污染领域常见问题之一[1]。其中,造成水体富营养化的主要原因是含氮物质的过量排放。因此,对含氮废水的治理问题迫在眉睫。与传统污水处理厂生物处理工艺相比,人工湿地因造价低廉,工艺运行维护简单,生态稳定等优势,现在已经越来越多地被用于污水处理工艺中[2]。人工湿地通过植物吸收、填料吸附以及湿地系统中的微生物对水体中的氮类物质进行一系列硝化、反硝化作用,使含氮化合物转变为氮气从水体中释放出去[3]。在反硝化过程中,碳源是作为微生物脱氮的主要能量来源和电子供体[4]。反硝化过程中碳源不足的问题严重制约了湿地系统的脱氮效率。所以,在进行人工湿地脱氮时,要保证水体中有足够的溶解性有机碳。
利用植物碳源提高人工湿地脱氮效果的应用研究
Application of plant carbon source to improve nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands
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摘要: 碳源不足已成为限制人工湿地脱氮的重要因素,植物材料因其经济易得、安全有效的特点,被广泛用作人工湿地脱氮的外加碳源。文章从天然植物材料的处理、利用方式、脱氮效果等方面研究了其作为人工湿地外加碳源的脱氮机理和脱氮效果,为提高人工湿地脱氮效率提供科学依据及建议。最后,归纳了该研究存在的主要问题,并对今后的发展方向进行了展望。Abstract: Nitrogen removal in the constructed wetland was mainly restricted by the insufficient carbon source. Plant materials were utilized as the additional carbon sources in nitrogen removal of the constructed wetland, considering its economic, available, safe and effective properties. This paper mainly studied the denitrification mechanism and the effect of the natural plant materials as the additional carbon sources in the constructed wetland from the aspects of treatment, utilization mode and denitrification effect, and provided scientific basis and suggestions to improve the nitrogen removal. Finally, the main problems existing in the research field were concluded and the development trends were prospected.
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Key words:
- constructed wetlands /
- plant carbon source /
- low C/N /
- denitrification /
- chemical modification
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