生物表面活性剂胆酸钠对氯酚的增溶
Solubilization of chlorophenols by biosurfactant sodium cholate
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摘要: 胆酸钠是一种重要的生物表面活性剂，目前的研究主要集中在利胆药物研制方面，而有关其在增溶修复有机污染方面的应用研究较少.本文考察了胆酸钠（NaC）、脱氧胆酸钠（NaDC）、十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）、曲拉通（TX-100）和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）对2，4，6-三氯苯酚（2，4，6-TCP）和2，4-二氯苯酚（2，4-DCP）的增溶作用，并探究了底物结构、温度和无机离子对NaC增溶氯酚的性能的影响.实验结果表明，当表面活性剂浓度大于临界胶束浓度（CMC）时，2，4，6-TCP和2，4-DCP的表观溶解度与表面活性剂浓度具有良好的线性关系.其中，相比于其它表面活性剂，当浓度高于0.05 mol·L-1时，NaC具有更良好的增溶性能.随苯环上氯原子个数从0增加到3，NaC的摩尔增溶比（MSR）值随氯酚疏水性（Kow）的增大而线性减小，NaC的胶束-水分配系数（Kmc）值则线性增大.在288-308 K的温度范围内，NaC增溶氯酚的性能逐渐增强.4种无机盐KCl、NaCl、Na2SO4、CaCl2对NaC增溶2，4，6-TCP和2，4-DCP的影响不同.随着无机盐浓度的升高，NaC增溶2，4，6-TCP的能力先上升后下降，而增溶2，4-DCP的能力则迅速下降.Abstract: Sodium cholate, as an attractive biosurfactant, has been intensively studied regarding its application in choleretic drugs. However, its application in the solubilization-enhanced remediation of organic pollution receives relatively little attention. In this work, the solubilization of 2,4,6-TCP and 2,4-DCP by sodium cholate (NaC), sodium deoxycholate (NaDC), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), Triton X-100 (TX-100) and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) were investigated, and the effects of the structure of substrates, temperature and ionic strength on the solubilization capacity of NaC were discussed as well. The results indicated that good linear relationships were found between the apparent solubility of 2,4,6-TCP, 2,4-DCP and the concentration of surfactants when the critical micelle concentration (CMC) was exceeded. Compared with other surfactants, NaC showed better capacity in solubilization when surfactants were added over 0.05 mol·L-1. With the chlorine atom number on the benzene ring increasing from 0 to 3, the molar solubilization ratio (MSR) decreased linearly as the hydrophobicity of chlorophenols(Kow)increased, while the micelle-water partition coefficients (Kmc) of NaC increased linearly. As the temperature went up from 288 K to 308 K, the solubilization capacity of NaC was gradually enhanced. Inorganic salts (KCl, NaCl, Na2SO4, CaCl2) showed different effects on the solubilization of 2,4,6-TCP and 2,4-DCP by NaC. The solubilization of 2,4,6-TCP by NaC was first increased and then decreased, and the solubilizaiton of 2,4-DCP by NaC decreased significantly with the increase of inorganic salts.
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Key words:
- biosurfactant /
- sodium cholate /
- chlorophenol /
- solubilization
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