喀什地区西部地下水重金属空间分布特征及成因分析
Spatial distribution and orign of heavy metals in groundwater in the western Kashgar Prefecture
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摘要: 本文基于新疆喀什地区西部平原区地下水污染调查数据，重点分析了地下水超标重金属（Mn、Fe、As、Pb和Cd）的空间分布特征与成因.喀什地区西部地下水Mn、Fe超标区呈连续分布，具有普遍性；As超标区呈岛状分布，范围较小；Pb和Cd超标呈点状分布，分别与Fe和As超标高值区相伴.流域上游地下水未超标区大于下游.结果表明，Mn、Fe、As超标高值区是在原生地质环境背景下，工业污染因素增强、区域地下水开采等因素共同作用形成的.相关分析表明，Mn和Fe、Mn和Pb、Fe和Pb、As和Cd质量浓度间呈显著的正相关关系，说明流域人为污染因素在加强.本文针对喀什地区西部地下水超标重金属之间相关性，结合其空间分布特点及成因，提出了防治地下水污染的建议.Abstract: Based on groundwater pollution survey data, spatial distribution and origin of over the standard heavy metals (Mn, Fe, As, Pb and Cd) in the groundwater in the plain area of western Kashgar Prefecture, Xinjiang were analyzed. The distribution of Mn and Fe in the polluted area was continuous and common, while the distribution of As was patchy and narrow. As for Pb and Cd, they showed spotty distribution which was in accordance with Fe and As.The groundwater in the upper basin was not over standurd and the area was large than the downstream. The results indicated that high levels of Mn, Fe and As resulted from increased industrial pollution and regional groundwater exploitation in addition to protogenic geologic environmental background. Correlation analysis suggested that the concentrations of Mn and Fe, Mn and Pb, Fe and Pb, As and Cd were significantly positively correlated, which indicated an increasing influence of anthropogenic pollution. Suggestions on countermeasures of groundwater pollution were put forward with based on their distribution and origin as well as the relationships between over the standard heavy metals in the west of Kashgar region.
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