17β-雌二醇(E2)对大型溞(Daphnia magna)生殖、发育和相关基因转录的影响
Effects of 17β-Estradiol (E2) on Reproduction, Development and Transcription of Related Genes in Daphnia magna
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摘要: 17β-雌二醇（17β-estradiol，E2）是一种环境内分泌干扰物质，相关研究表明，E2对脊椎动物的生长和发育能够产生不良影响，但是E2对无脊椎动物，如大型溞（Daphnia magna）的毒性研究较少，其具体的毒性效应和致毒机制有待阐明。以E2为研究对象，以大型溞（<24 h）为实验动物，按照经济合作与发展组织（Economic Co-operation and Development，OECD）规定的标准试验程序开展为期21 d的标准暴露实验，评估不同浓度E2暴露对大型溞发育、生殖以及相关基因转录的影响。研究发现，1 360 μg·L-1 E2暴露对大型溞产生了显著的致死效应，降低了大型溞蜕皮个数，增加了大型溞的产溞量，而其他低浓度的E2（1.36、13.6和136 μg·L-1）暴露没有对大型溞产生显著的毒性效应。荧光定量PCR结果显示，1 360 μg·L-1 E2暴露显著下调了大型溞蜕皮激素代谢相关基因细胞色素P450基因18a1（cytochrome P450 18a1，cyp18a1）和蜕皮激素受体基因（hormone receptor 3，hr3）的转录，说明E2可能是通过抑制大型溞的蜕皮进而引起了发育和生殖毒性。Abstract: As an environmental endocrine disruptor, relevant studies have demonstrated that, 17β-estradiol (E2) has adverse effects on the growth and development of vertebrates, but the effects on invertebrates, such as Daphnia magna, have been rarely studied, and the specific toxic effect and mechanism need to be clarified. In this study, Daphnia magna (<24 h) was used as an experimental animal to conduct a 21-day standard exposure experiment in accordance with Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) regulations to evaluate the effects of E2 on the growth, reproduction and gene transcription. The results demonstrated that, 1 360 μg·L-1 E2 exposure caused significant lethal effect, and significantly reduced the number of molting as well as increased the amount of offspring, while treatment with other lower exposure concentrations (1.36, 13.6 and 136 μg·L-1) did not cause obvious effects. In addition, fluorescence quantitative PCR results showed that the transcriptions of cytochrome P450 18a1 (cyp18a1) and hormone receptor 3 (hr3) were significantly inhibited in 1 360 μg·L-1 exposure group, which proved that E2 might cause developmental and reproductive toxicity by inhibiting the molting of Daphnia magna.
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Key words:
- E2 /
- Daphnia magna /
- reproductive toxicity /
- developmental toxicity
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