基于半定量评估法的环境暴露数据质量评估
Data Quality Evaluation for Environmental Exposure Based on a Semi-quantitative Method
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摘要: 环境暴露数据是化学物质环境暴露评估的重要基础，暴露数据的质量将影响风险评估结果的准确度，因此，有必要构建科学的数据可靠性评估方法，以估算可靠的化学物质环境浓度，为其环境暴露评估提供科学的依据。不同国家/地区的化学物质风险评估的框架基本相同，对于环境暴露数据质量的评估要点也基本一致，但是在具体方法上根据各自的管理特点与要求略有差异。本文对几种定量（半定量）、定性的环境暴露数据评估方法进行了系统评述，并结合中国的化学物质环境风险评估要求及环境管理特点，提出了适用于中国环境风险评估的环境暴露数据质量评估方法，并以双酚A和八甲基环四硅氧烷的环境暴露数据质量评估为例，研究了评估方法应用于不同物质的数据质量评估中的共性与区别。Abstract: Environmental exposure data is an important part for environmental exposure assessment of chemical substances, and the quality of exposure data will affect the accuracy of the risk assessment results. It is necessary to develop a scientific method for data quality evaluation to estimate the reliable environmental concentration of chemical substances and provide scientific basis for the environmental exposure assessment. The similar frameworks of chemical risk assessment are used by different countries/regions, and the key points for exposure data quality evaluation are essentially the same. However, the detailed methods are slightly different according to various management characteristics and requirements. Quantitative (semi-quantitative) and qualitative evaluation methods were systematically reviewed, and the method that is appropriate for environmental risk assessment in China was proposed. Also the commonalities and differences of data quality evaluation for different substances were analyzed using the case studies of bisphenol A (BPA) and octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4).
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