微塑料在日本虎斑猛水蚤(Tigriopus japonicus)体内的摄入、排出及对其摄食行为的影响
Uptake and Elimination of Microplastics by Tigriopus japonicus and Its Impact on Feeding Behavior
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摘要: 微塑料的生态毒理学效应,是近年来国际环境领域的研究热点和前沿问题。然而,由于生物体内的微塑料定量分析存在难度,导致其毒动力学过程和生物影响等方面的研究受限。本研究以10 μm荧光标记的聚苯乙烯(PS)为测试对象,考察了日本虎斑猛水蚤(Tigriopus japonicus)对PS微粒的摄入及排出动力学,以及PS微粒对其摄食行为的影响。结果表明,日本虎斑猛水蚤暴露于表观浓度为1×103个·mL-1的PS微粒溶液,其体内检出的PS微粒的量随着暴露时间增加呈现出逐渐增加的趋势,暴露24 h后达到最大值,为(7.00±2.44)个·只-1(n=3),48 h后降至(3.20±1.93)个·只-1(n=3)。将暴露于表观浓度为1×103个·mL-1的PS微粒溶液中48 h后的日本虎斑猛水蚤转移至清洁海水中后,体内检出的PS微粒的量呈现下降趋势,24 h后可排出体内96.33%±1.18%(n=3)的PS微粒,48 h后生物体内无PS微粒检出。日本虎斑猛水蚤暴露于表观浓度为1×103个·mL-1的PS微粒溶液中24 h和48 h后,其对微藻的摄食率与对照组相比无显著性差异(P>0.05)。研究结果为科学评估微塑料的生态风险提供依据。Abstract: Recently the ecotoxicological effects of microplastics, as one of the frontier research issues in international environmental fields, have been a cause for concern. However, uptake and elimination kinetics of microplastics by biota have rarely been investigated due to the difficulties in their quantitative analysis. In this study, the uptake and elimination of microplastics by Tigriopus japonicas were investigated by using 10 μm polystyrene microspheres. Meanwhile, the impacts of polystyrene microspheres on the feeding behavior of T. japonicus were also assessed. The results indicate that with the increase of the exposure time the amount of polystyrene microspheres detected in T. japonicus increased. The highest level of polystyrene microspheres detected in T. japonicus was (7.00±2.44) particles·individual-1 (n=3) when exposed to polystyrene microspheres at the nominal concentration of 1×103 particles·mL-1 over 24 h. After 48 h, the amount of ingested polystyrene microspheres decreased to (3.20±1.93) particles·individual-1(n=3). After the exposure, T. japonicus were transferred to clean seawater. The amount of polystyrene microspheres in T. japonicus decreased dramatically with the increase of the exposure time. The polystyrene microspheres were eliminated quickly with a high clearance percentage of 96.33%±1.18% (n=3) after depuration of 24 h, and we did not find polystyrene microspheres in T. japonicus after depuration of 48 h. Moreover, there were no significant differences for the microalgae ingestion rates in the presence of 1×103 particles·mL-1 polystyrene microspheres over 24 h and 48 h (P>0.05). Overall, these results could provide evidence for assessing the ecological risks of microplastics.
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Key words:
- polystyrene microspheres /
- Tigriopus japonicus /
- uptake /
- elimination /
- microalgae ingestion rates
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