穗花狐尾藻对沉积物微生态受阿特拉津胁迫的缓解作用
The Alleviating Action of Myriophyllum spicatum on Sediment Microenvironment under Atrazine Exposure
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摘要: 以穗花狐尾藻为供试植物，在种植或未种植穗花狐尾藻的不同培养时期，测定了对照沉积物及2.0 mg·kg-1阿特拉津污染沉积物中可溶性有机碳（DOC）、硝态氮和铵态氮含量以及脱氢酶活性和细菌总数，并对沉积物中阿特拉津降解菌进行了筛选与鉴定。主要结果表明，根际和非根际沉积物中DOC呈现先下降再上升的趋势，在培养60 d后，根际沉积物和非根际沉积物中DOC含量分别为（311.95±15.51）mg·kg-1和（307.00±6.11）mg·kg-1，并无显著差异（P>0.05）。根际沉积物中铵态氮为（66.49±1.57）mg·kg-1，显著低于非根际沉积物的（78.65±1.37）mg·kg-1（P<0.05）。在培养60 d内，沉积物中脱氢酶活性呈增加趋势，且根际沉积物脱氢酶活性一直显著高于非根际沉积物（P<0.05），最终达到（253.50±7.82）mg·（kg·d）-1。与此同时，根际沉积物、空白沉积物和非根际沉积物中平均细菌总量分别为1.19×108、1.15×108和1.04×108 cfu·g-1。从培养60 d后的沉积物中分别筛选得到赖氏菌属（Leifsonia sp.）J1（非根际沉积物）、伯克氏菌属（Burkholderia sp.）J2（根际沉积物）和成对杆菌属（Dyadobacter sp.）J3（根际沉积物）等3株阿特拉津降解菌，表明穗花狐尾藻能在一定程度上缓解阿特拉津对沉积物中微生态的胁迫。Abstract: To study the alleviating action of submerged plants on sediment microenvironment under atrazine exposure, Myriophyllum spicatum was used as the tested species and the content of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), nitrate and ammonium, the dehydrogenase activity and total bacteria amount in the planted sediment and unplanted were determined when the concentration of atrazine was set to 0 and 2.0 mg·kg-1. Moreover, the atrazine-degrading bacterial strains have been isolated and identified from sediments. The main results showed that the DOC content of rhizosphere sediments and non-rhizosphere sediments decreased firstly and then increased. After a 60-day exposure, the DOC content in these two sediments was (311.95±15.51) mg·kg-1 and (307.00±6.11) mg·kg-1, respectively, and there was no significant difference between various sediments (P>0.05). Meanwhile, the content of ammonium in the rhizosphere sediments ((66.49±1.57) mg·kg-1) was significantly lower than that in the non-rhizosphere sediments ((78.65±1.37) mg·kg-1) (P<0.05). The dehydrogenase activity in sediments increased with the incubation time. The dehydrogenase activity in rhizosphere sediments was always significantly higher than that in non-rhizosphere sediments (P<0.05), and finally reached to (253.50±7.82) mg·(kg·d)-1. Furthermore, the average total bacteria in rhizosphere sediments, blank sediments and non-rhizosphere sediments were 1.19×108, 1.15×108 and 1.04×108 cfu·g-1, respectively. Notably, the strain Leifsonia sp. J1 was screened from the non-rhizosphere sediment on the 60th day, while strain Burkholderia sp. J2 and strain Dyadobacter sp. J3 strains were screened from the rhizosphere sediment. Myriophyllum spicatum was effective in relieving the pernicious effects in sediment microenvironment under atrazine exposure. This study provides a potential bioremediation for atrazine-contaminated sediments.
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Key words:
- atrazine /
- Myriophyllum spicatum /
- ammonium nitrogen /
- dehydrogenase /
- degradative bacteria
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