摘要:
当前随着纳米科技的发展,纳米材料,特别是纳米金属,因其独特的物化性质,在各行各业中的使用量呈指数增长,致使其在大气、水域、土壤环境中的安全性问题引起公众关注。尤其是在受到人类活动密切影响的近岸海洋环境中,纳米金属的潜在生态效应成为当前国内外研究的热点之一。本文重点综述了由于海洋环境的理化因子以及纳米金属独特的物化性质导致的纳米金属的环境行为,海洋生物对纳米金属的吸收,以及纳米金属的生物效应和可能的致毒机制,旨在为评估海洋环境中纳米金属的潜在生态危害,完善纳米材料的监管机制及保障纳米科技的可持续发展提供思路。
Abstract:
With the rapid development of nanotechnology, nanomaterials, especially nanometals, have been applied to many industries and daily lives with an exponential growth due to their unique properties. However, their security issues in the atmosphere, water and soil environments have raised public concern. The potential ecotoxicological effects had become one of the hot topics of current research world wide, especially in the coastal environment closely influenced by human activities. The study reviewed the behaviors of nanometals in marine environment, the uptake and biological toxicity of nanometals to marine organisms, and their possible toxic mechanisms. The study will elucidate on the potential ecological risk of nanometals in marine environment, shed light on assessment and improvement of supervision on nanometer materials, and help to ensure the sustainable development of nanotechnology.
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