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孟加拉国位于亚洲三大经济体(中国、印度、东盟)交汇处,是中印孟缅经济走廊的重要参与方。随着2013年中缅油气管道开通,孟加拉湾交通线安全对我国能源安全具有重要战略意义,因此,建立与孟加拉国新型伙伴关系是我国周边外交的重要内容之一[1]。2016年,习近平总书记访问孟加拉期间,两国签署了《关于建立战略合作伙伴关系的联合声明》,提出“在南南合作框架内加强双、多边合作,为各自推动落实2030年可持续发展议程做出努力”。在“一带一路”倡议下,解决孟加拉重大民生关切、推动绿色“一带一路”建设,对于加强与孟加拉国战略合作伙伴关系建设具有重要意义。
孟加拉国饮用水砷污染控制策略与方向
Strategy and development direction for arsenic pollution control in drinking water in Bangladesh
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摘要: 孟加拉国是“一带一路”重要节点国家,经济社会快速发展,正从“最不发达国家”进入到“发展中国家”行列。同时,孟加拉国是全世界砷污染最严重的国家之一,其地下水砷污染形成过程与环境地球化学机制、人群砷暴露途径与风险水平、砷中毒机制与控制原理等在全球范围内具有重要研究价值。此外,孟加拉国政府和国际社会为控制饮用水砷污染开展了大量工作,已取得很好的成效。以饮用水砷污染及其健康风险控制为目标,制定科学、合理、有效的砷污染控制策略,对于孟加拉国在全国范围内从根本解决饮用水安全问题具有重要意义。Abstract: Bangladesh is an important node along the Belt & Road countries. Owning to its rapid socio-economic development during the recent twenty years, Bangladesh is transitioning from a least-developed to a developing country. Meanwhile, Bangladesh is suffering from the most serious arsenic pollution in drinking water all over the world. Thus, the geochemistry mechanisms of arsenic pollution in ground water, the exposure pathways and potential risks of local residents, as well as arsenic toxicology and control principles have become critical but remained unclear yet in the context of Bangladesh. In recent years, Bangladesh’s local government and international communities have devoted many efforts and achieved preliminary outcomes to control arsenic pollution and endemic arsenisms. For the sake of reducing further the arsenic contamination and relevant health risks, it is vital to establish scientific-reasonable, technological-feasible, and economic-effective solutions to fundamentally resolving the arsenic-derived issues and ensuring water safety in Bangladesh.
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