[1] CLARKE A G, KARANI G N. Characterization of the carbonate content of the atmospheric aerosols[J]. Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry, 1992, 14:119-128.
[2] 胡起超,胡恭任,于瑞莲,等. 厦门市冬季大气PM2.5中有机碳和元素碳的污染特征[J]. 地球与环境,2016,44(3):336-341. HU Q C, HU G R, YU R L, et al. Characteristics of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) in PM2.5 in winter in Xiamen City, China[J]. Earth and Environment, 2016, 44(3):336-341(in Chinese).
[3] PACHAURI T, SINGLA V, SATSANGI A, et al. Characterization of carbonaceous aerosols with special reference to episodic events at Agra, India[J]. Atmospheric Research, 2013, 128(4):98-110.
[4] 邵桐,苗晓燕,周志祥,等. 我国大气环境健康基准目标污染物筛选方法及候选清单研究[J]. 环境化学,2017,36(11):2386-2397. SHAO T, MIAO X Y, ZHOU Z X, et al. A screening method for the target pollutants of atmospheric health benchmark in China[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2017, 36(11):2386-2397(in Chinese).
[5] KELLY F J, FUSSELL J C. Size, source and chemical composition as determinants of toxicity attributable to ambient particulate matter[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2012, 60:504-526.
[6] 韩永明,曹军骥. 环境中的黑碳及其全球生物地球化学循环[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质,2005,25(1):125-132. HAN Y M, CAO J J. Black carbon in the environments and its global biogeochemical cycle[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2005, 25(1):125-132(in Chinese).
[7] JACOBSON M Z. Strong radiative heating due to the mixing state of black carbon in atmospheric aerosols[J]. Nature, 2001, 409:695-697.
[8] TIWARI S, DUMKA U C, KASKAOUTIS D G, et al. Aerosol chemical characterization and role of carbonaceous aerosol on radiative effect over Varanasi in central Indo-Gangetic Plain[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2016, 125:437-449.
[9] ONISHI K, SEKIYAMA T T, NOJIMA M, et al. Prediction of health effects of cross-border atmospheric pollutants using an aerosol forecast model[J]. Environment International, 2018, 117:48-56.
[10] ZHANG Z H, KHIYSTOV A, NORFORD L K, et al. Characterization of traffic-related ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in an Asian City:Environmental and health implications[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2017, 161:132-143.
[11] JI D S, ZHANG J K, HE J, et al. Characteristics of atmospheric organic and elemental carbon aerosols in urban Beijing, China[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2016, 125:293-306.
[12] ZHAO P S, DONG F, YANG Y D, et al. Characteristics of carbonaceous aerosol in the region of Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei, China[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2013, 71:164-175.
[13] JI D S, YAN Y C, WANG Z S, et al. Two-year continuous measurements of carbonaceous aerosols in urban Beijing, China:Temporal variations, characteristics and source analyses[J]. Chemosphere, 2018, 200:191-200.
[14] 郝静,孙成,郭兴宇,等. 京津冀内陆平原区PM2.5浓度时空变化定量模拟[J]. 环境科学,2018,39(4):1455-1465. HAO J, SUN C, GUO X, et al. Simulation of the spatio-temporally resolved PM2.5 aerosol mass concentration over the inland plain of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region[J]. Environmental Science, 2018, 39(4):1455-1465(in Chinese).
[15] 周盼,秦伟,郭硕,等. 石家庄冬季道路积尘PM2.5与PM10碳组分污染特征分析[J]. 环境化学,2018,37(1):123-129. ZHOU P, QIN W, GUO S, et al. Pollution characteristics of carbonaceous components in PM2.5 and PM10 of paved road dust in Shijiazhuang during winter[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2018, 37(1):123-129(in Chinese).
[16] 黄虹,曹军骥,曾宝强,等. 广州大气细粒子中有机碳、元素碳和水溶性有机碳的分布特征[J]. 分析科学学报,2010,26(3):255-260. HUANG H, CAO J J, ZENG B Q, et al. Characterization of organic carbon, elemental carbon and water-soluble organic carbon in PM2.5 of Guangzhou City[J]. Journal of Analytical Science, 2010, 26(3):255-260(in Chinese).
[17] WANG Q Q, HUANG X H H, ZHANG T, et al. Organic tracer-based source analysis of PM2.5 organic and elemental carbon:a case study at Dongguan in the Pearl River Delta, China[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2015,118:164-175.
[18] 杨毅红,瞿群,刘随心,等. 夏季珠江三角洲地区PM2.5化学组分特征及其对大气能见度的影响[J]. 环境科学,2015,36(8):2758-2767. YANG Y H, QU Q, LUY Y, et al. Chemical compositions in PM2.5 and its impact on visibility in summer in Pearl River Delta, China[J]. Environmental Science, 2015, 36(8):2758-2767(in Chinese).
[19] 刘兴瑞, 马嫣, 崔芬萍, 等. 南京北郊一次重污染事件期间PM2.5理化特性及其对大气消光的影响[J]. 环境化学, 2016, 35(6):1164-1171. LIU X R, MA Y, CUI F P, et al. Physicochemical characteristics of PM2.5 and impacts on light extinction during the heavy pollution period at North Suburban Nanjing[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2016, 35(6):1164-1171(in Chinese).
[20] CHEN D, CUI H F, ZHAO Y, et al. A two-year study of carbonaceous aerosols in ambient PM2.5 at a regional background site for western Yangtze River Delta, China[J]. Atmospheric Research, 2017, 183:351-361.
[21] LI B, ZHANG J, ZHAN Y, et al. Seasonal variation of urban carbonaceous aerosols in a typical city Nanjing in Yangtze River Delta, China[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2015, 106:223-231.
[22] 云龙龙,陆钒,张天舒,等. 无锡市冬季典型天气PM2.5中碳组分的污染特征[J]. 环境科学,2014,35(9):3280-3285. YUN L L, LU F, ZHANG T S, et al. Pollution characteristics of carbonaceous aerosols in PM2.5 during typical winter days in Wuxi City[J]. Atmospheric Research, 2014, 35(9):3280-3285(in Chinese).
[23] 张懿华,王东方,赵倩彪,等. 上海城区PM2.5中有机碳和元素碳变化特征及来源分析[J]. 环境科学,2014,35(9):3263-3270. ZHANG Y H, WANG D F, ZHAO Q B, et al. Characteristics and sources of organic carbon and elemental carbon in PM2.5 in Shanghai urban area[J]. Environmental Science, 2014, 35(9):3263-3270(in Chinese).
[24] 成海容,王祖武,冯家良,等. 武汉市城区大气PM2.5的碳组分与源解析[J]. 生态环境学报,2012,21(9):1574-1579. CHENG H R, WANG Z W, FENG J J, et al. Carbonaceous species composition and source apportionment of PM2.5 in urban atmosphere of Wuhan[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2012, 21(9):1574-1579(in Chinese).
[25] 郑晓伍,陈家灯,刘子龙,等. 石河子市PM2.5中有机碳和元素碳的变化特征与来源解析[J]. 环境化学,2018,37(1):115-122. ZHENG X W, CHENG J D, LIU Z L, et al. Characteristics and source apportionment of organic carbon and elemental carbon in PM2.5 in Shihezi, Xinjiang, China[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2018, 37(1):115-122(in Chinese).
[26] 张桂香,闫雨龙,郭利利,等. 太原市大气PM2.5中碳质组成及变化特征[J]. 环境科学,2015,36(3):780-786. ZHANG G X, YAN X L, GUO L L, et al. Composition and variation characteristics of atmospheric carbonaceous species in PM2.5 in Taiyuan, China[J]. Environmental Science, 2015, 36(3):780-786(in Chinese).
[27] LI C L, CHEN P F, KANG S C, et al. Concentrations and light absorption characteristics of carbonaceous aerosol in PM2.5 and PM10 of Lhasa city, the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2016, 127:340-346.
[28] 赵辉,郑有飞,徐静馨,等. 乌鲁木齐市大气污染物浓度的变化特征[J]. 环境化学,2015,34(11):2118-2126. ZHAO H, ZHENG Y F, XU J X, et al. Variation characteristics of air pollutant concentrations in Urumqi[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2015, 34(11):2118-2126(in Chinese).
[29] 张雪莹,王鑫,周越,等. 兰州市夏季大气中碳类气溶胶含量变化特征及其来源分析[J]. 高原气象,2017,2:528-537. ZHANG X Y, WANG X, ZHOU Y, et al. Characteristics of carbonaceous aerosols and their source in the atmosphere[J]. Plateau Meteorology, 2017 , 2:528-537(in Chinese).
[30] 程水源,刘超,韩力慧,等. 北京市采暖期PM2.5中有机碳和元素碳的污染特征与来源解析[J]. 北京工业大学学报,2014,40(4):586-591. CHENG S Y, LIU C, HAN L H, et al. Characteristics and source apportionment of organic carbon and elemental carbon in PM2.5 during the heating season in Beijing[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Technology, 2014, 40(4):586-591(in Chinese).
[31] 安欣欣,赵越,魏强,等. 北京城区PM2.5中有机碳和元素碳的变化特征[J]. 环境科学与技术,2015,38(8):214-219. AN X X, ZHAO Y, WEI Q, et al. Characteristics of organic carbon and elemental carbon in PM2.5 in urban of Beijing[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2015, 38(8):214-219(in Chinese).
[32] 包艳英. 大连市PM2.5中有机碳和元素碳的季节变化特征和来源分析研究[J]. 环境科学与管理,2017,42(3):130-133. BAO Y Y. Seasonal Characteristic and source analysis of organic carbon and elemental carbon in PM2.5 in Dalian[J]. Environmental Science and Management, 2017, 42(3):130-133(in Chinese).
[33] 吴虹,张彩艳,王静,等. 青岛环境空气PM10和PM2.5污染特征与来源比较-[J]. 环境科学研究,2013,26(6):583-589. WU H, ZHANG C Y, WANG J, et al. Comparative study on pollution characteristics and source apportionment of PM10 and PM2.5 in Qingdao[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2013, 26(6):583-589(in Chinese).
[34] ZHAO P S, DONG F, YANG Y D, et al. Characteristics of carbonaceous aerosol in the region of Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei, China[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2013, 71(3):389-398.
[35] MD F K, YUICHIRO S S, KOICHIRO H, et al. Characterization of PM2.5 and PM10 in ambient air, Yokohama, Japan[J]. Atmospheric Research, 2010, 96(1):159-172.
[36] XIE M J, COONS T L, DUTTON S J, et al. Intra-urban spatial variability of PM2.5 bound carbonaceous components[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2012, 60:486-494.
[37] CHOW J C, WATSON J G, LU Z, et al. Descriptive analysis of PM2.5 and PM10 at regionally representative locations during SJVAQS/AUSPEX[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 1996, 30(12):2079-2112.
[38] TURPIN B J, HUNTZICKER J J. Identification of secondary organic aerosol episodes and quantitation of primary and secondary organic aerosol concentration during CSAQS[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 1995, 29(23):3527-3544.
[39] SCHAUER J J, KLEEMAN M J, CASS G R, et al. Measurement of emissions from air pollution sources. 4. C1-C27 organic compounds from cooking with seed oils[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2002, 36(4):567-575.
[40] HILDEMANN L M, MARKOWSKI G R, CASS G R. Chemical composition of emissions from urban sources of fine organic aerosol[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 1991, 25(4):744-759.
[41] WATSON J G, CHOW J C, LU Z, et al. Chemical mass balance source apportionment of PM10 during the Southern California air quality study[J]. Aerosol Science and Technology, 1994, 21(1):1-36.
[42] CHEN Y, ZHI G, FENG Y, et al. Measurements of emission factors for primary carbonaceous particles from residential raw-coal combustion in China[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2006, 33(20):382-385.
[43] CASTRO L M, PIO C A, HARRISON R M, et al. Carbonaceous aerosol in urban and rural European atmospheres:estimation of secondary organic carbon concentrations[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 1999, 33(17):2771-2781.
[44] 王占山,张雯娴,安欣欣,等. 2013-2014年北京市PM2.5有机碳、元素碳变化特征[J]. 环境科学与技术,2016,39(5):157-161. WANG Z S, ZHANG W X, AN X X, et al. Variation characteristics of OC and EC in PM2.5 in Beijing during 2013-2014[J]. Environmental Science & Technology,2016, 39(5):157-161(in Chinese).
[45] 周敏,陈长虹,王红丽,等. 上海秋季典型大气高污染过程中有机碳和元素碳的变化特征[J]. 环境科学学报,2013,33(1):181-188. ZHOU M, CHEN C H, WANG H L, et al. The variation characteristics of organic and element carbon during air pollution episodes in autumn in Shanghai, China[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2013, 33(1):181-188(in Chinese).
[46] 唐小玲,毕新慧,陈颖军,等. 不同粒径大气颗粒物中有机碳(OC)和元素碳(EC)的分布[J]. 环境科学研究,2006,19(1):104-108. TANG X L, BI X H, CHEN Y J, et al. Study on the size distribution of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) in the aerosol[J]. Research of Environmental Science, 2006, 19(1):104-108(in Chinese).
[47] CAO J J, WU F, CHOW J C, et al. Characterization and source apportionment of atmospheric organic and elemental carbon during fall and winter of 2003 in Xi'an China[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2005, 5(11):3127-3137.
[48] 窦筱艳,徐珣,刘宇,等. 西宁市城区冬季PM2.5和PM10中有机碳、元素碳污染特征[J]. 中国环境监测, 2016, 32(2):44-49. DOU X Y, XU X, LIU Y, et al. Characteristics of organic carbon and elemental carbon in PM2.5 and PM10 in Xining in the winter[J]. Environmental Monitoring in China, 2016, 32(2):44-49(in Chinese).