塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地纵向沙垄区沙尘水溶性离子的垂直分布
Vertical distribution of water soluble ions in the longitudinal dunes in the hinterland of Taklimakan Desert
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摘要: 文章分析了2014年9-10月期间3场沙尘天气过程塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地塔中大气环境观测试验站80 m梯度观测塔7个高度沙尘样品的水溶性离子分布.结果表明，各高度主要离子成分为Cl-、SO42-、Na+、Ca2+，4种离子浓度之和占总浓度的比例均高达91%以上.水溶性离子的相对含量较低，各高度水溶性离子质量之和在粒子总质量中的含量均不足2%.水溶性离子浓度随高度的变化趋势为：16 m以下，随着高度升高，水溶性离子浓度呈下降趋势；24 m处所有水溶性离子浓度迅速增大达到峰值，水溶性离子浓度波动较大；24-80 m随着高度升高，水溶性离子浓度整体上呈下降趋势，但9月10日水溶性离子浓度在63 m有略微的增大趋势.水溶性离子在沙尘中的结合形式为NaCl、CaSO4、Na2SO4以及少量的CaCl2、K2SO4和KCl等.Abstract: This work investigated vertical distribution of water soluble ions in 21 sand dust samples, which were collected from 7 different altitudes of a 80 m gradient observation tower in the atmospheric environment observation station in the hinterland of Taklimakan desert during three occasions of sand and dust weather from September to October, 2014. The results showed that the main ion components distributed at each altitude were Cl-, SO42-, Na+ and Ca2+, the concentration of which accounted for over 91% of the total concentration. The relative content of water soluble ions was much lower and their total mass at each altitude was less than 2% of the total particle mass. The concentration of water soluble ions changes with the altitude, which decreaseed with the rise of altitude below 16 m, rapidly to the peak value and fluctuated greatly at an altitude of 24 m and then decreased with the rise of altitude between 24 m and 80 m. However, the concentration of water soluble ions rose slightly at the altitude of 63 m on September 10. The binding patterns of water soluble ions in the sand dust comprised NaCl, CaSO4, Na2SO4 and a small amount of CaCl2, K2SO4 and KCl, etc.
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