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污染黑土中重金属的形态分布与生物活性研究

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郭观林, 周启星. 污染黑土中重金属的形态分布与生物活性研究[J]. 环境化学, 2005, 24(4): 383-388.
引用本文: 郭观林, 周启星. 污染黑土中重金属的形态分布与生物活性研究[J]. 环境化学, 2005, 24(4): 383-388.
shu
GUO Guan-lin, ZHOU Qi-xing. SPECIATION DISTRIBUTION AND BIOACTIVITY OF HEAVY METALS IN CONTAMINATED PHAIOZEM[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2005, 24(4): 383-388.
Citation: GUO Guan-lin, ZHOU Qi-xing. SPECIATION DISTRIBUTION AND BIOACTIVITY OF HEAVY METALS IN CONTAMINATED PHAIOZEM[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2005, 24(4): 383-388.
shu

污染黑土中重金属的形态分布与生物活性研究

  • 1.

    中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 中国科学院陆地生态过程重点实验室, 沈阳, 110016;

  • 2.

    中国科学院研究生院, 北京, 100039

  • 基金项目:

    国家杰出青年科学基金(20225722)

    中国科学院知识创新重要方向项目(KZCX2-SW-416)

SPECIATION DISTRIBUTION AND BIOACTIVITY OF HEAVY METALS IN CONTAMINATED PHAIOZEM

  • 1.

    Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecological Process, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016;

  • 2.

    Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039

  • Fund Project:

  • 摘要: 通过对污染和清洁黑土的耕层、非耕层分层采样分析,比较了Cd,Pb,Cu和Zn等在同一土壤耕层和非耕层以及不同采样点土壤中的形态分布和生物活性.结果表明,无污染黑土中这些重金属的形态分布一般为:残渣态有机结合态铁锰结合态碳酸盐结合态可交换态,外源污染则使可交换态重金属的含量增加.以生物有效性系数和迁移系数进行重金属生物活性评价,其在黑土中生物活性大小的顺序为:CdCuZnPb.污染愈严重的土壤,重金属的生物活性和自身的淋溶能力相对较强,在非耕层中也表现出较高的生物活性.综合重金属在土壤中的含量和生物活性,发现2个污染点的黑土中Cd和Pb对当地农业生产和地下水安全已构成潜在的威胁.
    Abstract: After sequential extraction of the surface and subsurface soil of contaminated and clean phaiozem, the speciation distribution and bioactivity of heavy metals in surface-subsurface of different sites were studied. Results indicated that the species distribution of heavy metals in clean phaiozem was residue bound to organic matters bound to Fe-Mn oxides bound to carbonates exchangeable fraction. Pollution occurring would change the general distribution trend and increase the exchangeable fraction percentage. The bioactivity of four heavy metals based on assessment of bioavailability and mobility index were cadmium copper zinc lead. The ingravescence pollution would increase metal bioactivity and soil leachability. Down movement and high bioavailability of metals would appear in the subsurface soil. Considering with the increasing concentration and bioactivity, cadmium and lead in the two contaminated sites had threatened safety of agricultural production and groundwater.
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  • [1] 郭观林,周启星,中国东北北部黑土重金属污染趋势分析.中国科学院研究生院学报,2004,21(3)∶386-392
    [2] Kot A,Namiesnik J,The Role of Speciation in Analytical Chemistry.Trends in Analytical Chemistry,2000,19∶69-79
    [3] Crommentuijn T, Doornekamp A, Van Gestel C A M,Bioavailability and Ecological Effects of Cadmium on Folsomia candida (Willem) in an Artificial Soil Substrates as Influenced by pH and Organic Matter.Applied Soil Ecology,1997,5∶ 261-271
    [4] 周启星,污染土壤修复标准建立的方法体系研究.应用生态学报, 2004,15(2)∶316-320
    [5] 周启星,宋玉芳等著.污染土壤修复原理与方法.北京:科学出版社,2004.
    [6] Tessier A, Campbell P G C, Bisson M,Sequential Extraction Procedure for the Speciation of Particulate Trace Metals.Analytical Chemistry, 1979,51(7)∶844-851
    [7] Adriano D C,Trace Elements in Terrestrial Environments; Biogeochemistry, Bioavailability and Risks of Metals. 2nd Edn. Springer, New York. 2001.
    [8] Maiz I, Arambarri I, Garcia R et al. Evaluation of Heavy Metal Availability in Polluted Soils by Two Sequential Extraction Procedures Using Factor Analysis.Environmental Pollution, 2000,110∶3-9
    [9] Pueyo M, Lopex-Sanchez J F, Rauret G,Assessment of CaCl2, NaNO3 and NH4NO3 Extraction Procedures for the Study of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn Extractability in Contaminated Soils.Analytica Chimica Acta,2004,504∶217-226
    [10] 周国华,黄怀曾,何红蓼等,北京市东南郊自然土壤和模拟污染影响下Cd赋存形态及其变化.农业环境科学学报,2003,22(1)∶25-27
    [11] Ornella A, Maurizio A, Mery M, Distribution and Mobility of Metals in Contaminated Sites. Chemometric Ininvestigation of Pollutant Profiles.Environmental Pollution, 2002,119∶177-193
    [12] 李健,郑春江等著.环境背景值数据手册.北京:中国环境科学出版社, 1989
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  • 收稿日期:  2004-09-11
郭观林, 周启星. 污染黑土中重金属的形态分布与生物活性研究[J]. 环境化学, 2005, 24(4): 383-388.
引用本文: 郭观林, 周启星. 污染黑土中重金属的形态分布与生物活性研究[J]. 环境化学, 2005, 24(4): 383-388.
shu
GUO Guan-lin, ZHOU Qi-xing. SPECIATION DISTRIBUTION AND BIOACTIVITY OF HEAVY METALS IN CONTAMINATED PHAIOZEM[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2005, 24(4): 383-388.
Citation: GUO Guan-lin, ZHOU Qi-xing. SPECIATION DISTRIBUTION AND BIOACTIVITY OF HEAVY METALS IN CONTAMINATED PHAIOZEM[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2005, 24(4): 383-388.
shu

污染黑土中重金属的形态分布与生物活性研究

  • 1.  中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 中国科学院陆地生态过程重点实验室, 沈阳, 110016;
  • 2.  中国科学院研究生院, 北京, 100039
  • 收稿日期:  2004-09-11
基金项目:

国家杰出青年科学基金(20225722)

中国科学院知识创新重要方向项目(KZCX2-SW-416)

摘要: 通过对污染和清洁黑土的耕层、非耕层分层采样分析,比较了Cd,Pb,Cu和Zn等在同一土壤耕层和非耕层以及不同采样点土壤中的形态分布和生物活性.结果表明,无污染黑土中这些重金属的形态分布一般为:残渣态有机结合态铁锰结合态碳酸盐结合态可交换态,外源污染则使可交换态重金属的含量增加.以生物有效性系数和迁移系数进行重金属生物活性评价,其在黑土中生物活性大小的顺序为:CdCuZnPb.污染愈严重的土壤,重金属的生物活性和自身的淋溶能力相对较强,在非耕层中也表现出较高的生物活性.综合重金属在土壤中的含量和生物活性,发现2个污染点的黑土中Cd和Pb对当地农业生产和地下水安全已构成潜在的威胁.

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