摘要:
阐明污染物的环境归趋对于其污染控制和生态风险评价具有重要意义。本文构建了三级环境多介质逸度模型,研究全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)在大连区域环境多介质中的分布及其迁移规律。结果表明,PFOS在大气、水、土壤和沉积物相的模拟浓度分别为5.10 pg m-3、22.60 ng·L-1、2.25 µg·kg-1和0.34 µg·kg-1,与实测值较为一致。环境相间的迁移主要是大气向土壤中迁移和土壤向水中的迁移,水和土壤是大连区域PFOS的主要的汇。PFOS在大气和水相的平流输入为主要的污染来源,而大气的平流输出是其主要的输出途径。灵敏度分析表明,有机碳分配系数、溶解度、水和气相平流输入、土壤中水的径流速率以及温度是影响模型结果的主要参数。不确定分析则表明,整体参数的变化对水体输出结果影响最大,对沉积物影响最小。本研究较好地模拟了PFOS在大连区域环境多介质中的迁移和归趋,可为其污染控制和生态风险评价提供科学依据。
Abstract:
Clarifying the fate of pollutants is of great significance for their pollution control and ecological risk assessments. In the present study, a level Ⅲ fugacity model was constructed to investigate the distribution and fate of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in environmental multimedia of Dalian. The results showed that the simulated concentrations of PFOS in atmosphere, water, soil and sediment were 5.10 pg·m-3, 22.60 ng·L-1, 2.25 μg·kg-1 and 0.34 μg·kg-1, respectively, which were consistent with the measured values. The main transfer routes of PFOS between media were from atmosphere to soil and from soil to water. Meanwhile, water and soil were identified to be main sinks of PFOS in Dalian area. The primary sources of PFOS in the area were the advection inputs in atmosphere and water, and the advection output of PFOS in atmosphere was the primary outlet from Dalian. Sensitivity analysis showed that the main parameters affecting the model output were the organic carbon partition coefficient, solubility, advection inputs in atmosphere and water, and the runoff velocity of water in soil and temperature. The results of uncertain analysis indicated that the change of the overall parameters had greatest impact on the result in water and least impact on that in sediment. This study simulated the transfer and fate of PFOS in the environmental multimedia of Dalian well, which could provide a scientific basis for its pollution control and ecological risk assessment.
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