摘要:
利用土壤模式动物白符跳(Folsomia candida),评价4种PFOS替代产品,包括50%的全氟丁基有机铵盐阳离子表面活性剂(简称表面活性剂)、用调聚法合成的三防织物整理剂(含固率23.7%,简称织物三防整理剂)、用电解氟化法合成的C4织物及C6织物三防整理剂的生态毒性,目的是为筛选安全高效的PFOS替代品提供科学依据。研究表明,表面活性剂与三防织物整理剂对跳虫急性毒性的LC50(7 d)分别为4 959和1 007 mg·kg-1,而C4与C6整理剂对跳虫急性毒性的LC50(7 d)均大于5 000 mg·kg-1;表面活性剂、织物三防整理剂与C4整理剂对跳虫慢性毒性的EC50(28 d)分别为0.15、0.12和0.18 mg·kg-1,而C6织物三防整理剂对跳虫慢性毒性的EC50(28 d)大于1 mg·kg-1;4种替代品生态毒性顺序为织物三防整理剂>表面活性剂 > C4 > C6织物三防整理剂。通过与本实验室PFOS生态毒性的研究结果比较发现,除织物三防整理剂,其余3种替代品对跳虫的生态毒性作用均小于PFOS,其中C6整理剂对跳虫的毒性最小,有望成为替代PFOS的环保型织物整理剂。
Abstract:
To provide a scientific basis for selecting safe and efficient substitutes, ecotoxicity of four substitutes (surfactant, textile finishing agent, C4 finishing agent & C6 finishing agent) of PFOS to springtails Folsomia candida was assessed based on the number of survival and reproduction of springtails. LC50 values of surfactant and textile finishing agent in acute toxicity test were 4 959 and 1 007 mg·kg-1, respectively, and that of C4 and C6 finishing agent were both higher than 5 000 mg·kg-1. EC50 values in chronic reproduction toxicity test were 0.15, 0.12 and 0.18 mg·kg-1 for surfactant, textile finishing agent and C4 finishing agent, respectively. EC50 value of C6 finishing agent was higher than 1 mg·kg-1. The order of toxicity for four alternatives was textile finishing agent > surfactant > C4 > C6 finishing agent. All alternatives except textile finishing agent have a less toxicity than PFOS to the survival and reproduction of springtails. Most of all, C6 finishing agent with little ecotoxicity could be able to replace PFOS as an environment-friendly finishing agent.
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