广东经济鱼类不饱和脂肪酸的含量分析与组成特征评价
The levels and evaluation of component characteristics of unsaturated fatty acids in Guangdong economic fish species
-
摘要: 采用水解提取-气相色谱法测定鱼肉中脂肪酸的含量和组成，采用元素分析仪-同位素比值质谱法（EA-IRMS）测定鱼肉碳稳定同位素比值（δ13C）.开展广东沿海地区主要经济鱼类肌肉脂肪酸的含量分析及组成特征评价研究.研究表明，25种经济鱼类鱼肉中主要含有单不饱和脂肪酸、n-6和n-3系列多不饱和脂肪酸，以及少量反式脂肪酸（TFAs）；鱼肉的优势脂肪酸为油酸（OA）、亚油酸（LA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）；鲻鱼含有较高的二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和DHA，合计370.0 mg·（100 g）-1；鲻鱼鱼肉中TFAs的含量（280.0 mg·（100 g）-1）远高于其它品种鱼类；鲢鱼和黑鲷EPA+DHA的含量较高，分别为（154.4±100.0 mg·（100 g）-1和1287±291.1 mg·（100 g）-1，两种鱼均具有较好的商业开发价值；统计学分析结果表明了鱼类的不饱和脂肪酸在组成上具有种属差异，揭示了浮游食性的鱼类其鱼肉组织中MUFAs、n-6 PUFAs以及n-3 PUFAs的含量高于底栖食性的鱼类.鱼肉脂肪酸的组成差异较大，表现为品种、空间以及食性差异.建议市民在日常膳食中丰富食鱼的种类和数量，警惕过多地食用单一品种鱼类（尤其是鲻鱼）而导致TFAs摄入过多的风险，从而确保鱼类脂肪酸的平衡摄入.Abstract: The study on the levels and the composition characteristics of the fatty acids in the fish muscles from coastal southern China was carried out. The concentrations and composition of the fatty acids were determined by digestion extraction-gas chromatography, while the δ13C values in fish muscles were tested by Elemental Analyzer-Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry. As a result, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in fish muscles of most of the 25 commercial fish species, to be noticed, trans-fatty acids (TFAs) were also detected. The dominant fatty acids were found to be oleic acid (OA), linoleic acid (LA), and docose hexaenoie acid (DHA). A relatively high amount of eicosapentenoic acid (EPA) and DHA was detected in bluespot mullet muscle (370.0 mg·(100 g)-1), but unexpectedly, this fish also brought a relatively higher level of TFAs (280.0 mg·(100 g)-1) than other fish species. The concentrations of the sum of EPA and DHA were relative higher in Silver carp and Gilthead seabream than other fish species, i.e. 154.4±100.0 and 1287±291.1 mg·(100 g)-1, respectively. It means that,both of the Silver carp and Gilthead seabream have good commercial value. The results of statistical analysis demonstrated the species variation in composition of unsaturated fatty acids in the fish species, and indicated that the levels of MUFAs, n-6 PUFAs, and n-3 PUFAs were higher in pelagic fish than benthic fish. The composition of fatty acids in fish muscles is various, with differences in species, space and habitats, and feeding habits. It should be noted that fish eaters should take into consideration about the excessive intake of TFAs (especially when eating the bluespot mullet). And it is recommended that the public should enrich the type and the quantity of fish in the diet to ensure a balanced intake of fatty acids.
-
-
[1] KRIS-ETHERTON P M, PEARSON T A, WAN Y, et al. High-monounsaturated fatty acid diets lower both plasma cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations[J]. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1999, 70(6):1009-1015. [2] SIMOPOULOS A P. An increase in the omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid ratio increases the risk for obesity[J]. Nutrients, 2016, 8(3):128-144. [3] WILLIAMS C, BIRCH E E, EMMETT P M, et al. Stereoacuity at age 3.5 y in children born full-term is associated with prenatal and postnatal dietary factors:A report from a population-based cohort study[J]. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2001, 73(2):316-322. [4] MALCOLM C A, HAMILTON R, MCCULLOCH D L, et al. Scotopic electroretinogram in term infants born of mothers supplemented with docosahexaenoic acid during pregnancy[J]. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 2003, 44(8):3685-3691. [5] LAURITZEN L, JØRGENSEN M H, MIKKELSEN T B, et al. Maternal fish oil supplementation in lactation:Effect on visual acuity and n-3 fatty acid content of infant erythrocytes[J]. Lipids, 2004, 39(3):195-206. [6] HOLUB D J, HOLUB B J. Omega-3 fatty acids from fish oils and cardiovascular disease[J]. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 2004, 263:217-225. [7] VON SCHACHKY C, ANGERER P, KOTHNY W, et al. The effect of dietary omega-3 fatty acids on coronary atherosclerosis a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial[J]. Annals of Internal Medicine, 1999, 130:554-562. [8] DE MELLO V D, ERKKILÄ A T, SCHWAB U S, et al. The effect of fatty or lean fish intake on inflammatory gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with coronary heart disease[J]. European Journal of Nutrition, 2009, 48:447-455. [9] CALDER P C. n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, inflammation, and inflammatory diseases[J]. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2006, 83(suppl):1505S-1519S. [10] SALAM M T, LI Y F, LANGHOLZ B, et al. Maternal fish consumption during pregnancy and risk of early childhood asthma[J]. Journal of Asthma Research, 2005, 42(6), 513-518. [11] ROMIEU I, TORRENT M, GARCIA-ESTEBAN R, et al. Maternal fish intake during pregnancy and atopy and asthma in infancy[J]. Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 2007, 37(4):518-525. [12] TREBBLE T M, WOOTTON S A, MILES E A, et al. Prostaglandin E2 production and T cell function after fish-oil supplementation:response to antioxidant cosupplementation[J]. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2003, 78(3):376-382. [13] HE K, RIMM E B, MERCHANT A, et al. Fish consumption and risk of stroke in man[J]. Journal of the American Medical Association, 2002, 288:3130-3136. [14] DAVIGLUS M L, STAMLER J, ORENCIA A J, et al. Fish consumption and the 30-year risk of fatal myocardial infarction[J]. The New England Journal of Medicine, 1997, 336:1046-1053. [15] MOZAFFARIAN D, RIMM E B. Fish intake, contaminants, and human health evaluating the risks and the benefits[J]. Journal of the American Medical Association, 2006, 296:1885-1899. [16] SIMOPOULOS A P. The importance of the ratio of omega-6/omega-3 essential fatty acids[J]. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 2002, 56(8):365-379. [17] 梁讯.脂肪酸失衡导致健康危机,全球营养专家建议[J].粮食与食品工业, 2018, 25(4):62. LIANG X. Fatty acid imbalance leads to a health crisis, recommendation from the global nutrition experts[J]. Cereal & Food Industry, 2018 , 25(4):62(in Chinese).
[18] 赵子建.不饱和脂肪酸失衡与雄性生殖发生障碍[C].中国杭州:第十二届全国脂质与脂蛋白学术会议,2014. ZHAO Z J. The relationship of unsaturated fatty acid imbalance and male reproductive disorders[C]. Hangzhou:The 12th National Academic Conference on Lipids and Lipoproteins, 2014(in Chinese). [19] 张欣,向荣,李晓曦,等.膳食中高n-6/n-3多不饱和脂肪酸比值对小鼠肠道菌群的影响[J]. 现代生物医学进展, 2015, 15(25):4824-4827 ,4833. ZHANG X, XIANG R, LI X X, et al. High ratio of dietary n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids affects gut microbiota in mice[J]. Progress in Modern Biomedicine, 2015, 15(25):4824-4827,4833(in Chinese).
[20] 蔡妙颜,李冰,袁向华.膳食中的脂肪酸平衡[J].粮油食品科技, 2003, 11(2):37-39. CAI M Y, LI B, YUAN X H. Fatty acid equilibrium in diet[J]. Science and Technology of Cereals, Oils and Foods, 2003, 11(2):37-39(in Chinese).
[21] ZHANG W F, HUANG W X, CHEN X, et al. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope evidence for the low biomagnification of mercury in marine fish from the South China Sea[J]. Marine and Freshwater Research, 2020.https://doi.org/10.1071/MF19069. [22] 张红霞. 我国三个海域常见海鱼消费对健康影响的风险-获益平衡研究[D]. 太原:山西医科大学, 2014. ZHANG H X. Study on the risk-fishing balance of common marine fish consumption in three sea areas of China[D]. Taiyuan:Shanxi Medical University, 2014(in Chinese). [23] 高颐雄. 舟山地区海水鱼类消费对健康影响的风险-获益评估研究[D]. 北京:中国疾病预防控制中心, 2013. GAO Y. Risk-benefit assessment of intake of marine fish from Zhoushan[D]. Beijing:Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. 2013(in Chinese). [24] FIELD C J, BLEWETT H H, PROCTOR S, et al. Human health benefits of vaccenic acid[J]. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 2009, 34(5):979-991. [25] WANG S, LI B, ZHANG M, et al. Bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of mercury in a food web from a large, shallow, hypereu trophic lake (Lake Taihu) in China[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2012, 19(7):2820-2831. [26] FRANCE R L. Carbon-13 enrichment in benthic compared to planktonic algae:foodweb implications[J]. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 1995, 124(1):307-312. -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 3372
- HTML全文浏览数: 3372
- PDF下载数: 90
- 施引文献: 0
下载:
