袁州区表层土壤重金属污染特征及潜在生态风险来源的地理探测
Characteristics of heavy metal pollution in surface soil and geographical detection of potential ecological risk sources in Yuanzhou District
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摘要: 为了探究具有典型的南方丘陵地貌的袁州区表层土壤重金属的空间分布现状、污染程度以及重金属的主要来源，本研究检测该区域162份表层土壤样本中镉（Cd）、汞（Hg）、砷（As）、铅（Pb）、铬（Cr）、铜（Cu）、镍（Ni）、锌（Zn）等8种重金属的含量，运用地统计学、富集因子法、单项污染指数法、潜在生态风险评价法和地理探测器，分析研究区表层土壤重金属污染特征并进行潜在生态风险评价，进一步探究导致空间差异分布的主要影响因素.结果表明，研究区表层土壤重金属含量的空间分布具有明显的差异性，Cd和Hg对于研究区土壤环境质量和农产品安全具有较大威胁；研究区中部偏北、东北部、东部以及西部的部分地区存在着较强的潜在生态风险；自然源、农业源、工业源和交通源共同影响着研究区土壤重金属的累积和迁徙，其中工业源和交通源是Cd、Hg、Pb、Cu的空间分异性的主要来源，农业源、自然源和交通源是As、Zn、Ni、Cr的主要来源.Abstract: In order to explore the spatial distribution, pollution level and main sources of heavy metals in the surface soil of Yuanzhou District, the contents of eight heavy metals, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, lead, chromium, copper, nickel and zinc, in 162 surface soil samples from the region were examined. Geostatistics, enrichment factor method, single pollution index method, potential ecological risk assessment method and geographical detector were used to evaluate and analyze the sources of heavy metal pollution and potential ecological risk in the surface soil of the study area. The results showed that the spatial distribution of heavy metal content in the surface quality and agricultural product safety soil of the study area was significantly different. Cd and Hg posed a great threat to the soil environmental in the study area, and the cumulative effect of heavy metals Cd and Ni in the soil in the study area was the largest. Some areas in the middle, northeast, east and west of the study area had a strong potential ecological risk. Natural sources, agricultural sources, industrial sources and traffic sources jointly affected the accumulation and migration of heavy metal content in the soil of the study area, and Industrial sources and transportation sources were the main sources of spatial differentiation of Cd, Hg, Pb, Cu, agricultural sources, natural sources and transportation sources were the main sources of As, Zn, Ni, Cr.
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