香精香料企业挥发性恶臭有机物排放特征分析
Emission characteristics of volatile odorous organic compounds in fragrance and flavor industry
-
摘要: 由于香精香料企业的特殊性，使用的原辅材料涉及恶臭挥发性有机物的数量众多，导致该行业排放的废气成分复杂且异味明显，为了解香精香料制造业恶臭排放特征及恶臭污染产生原因，以6家香精香料企业为分析对象，采集各家恶臭源的主要工艺流程中通过有组织方式排放的恶臭废气，分析其污染源的恶臭VOCs排放特征，测定了感官臭气浓度，应用理论臭气浓度法确定了各排放源的特征恶臭物质.结果表明：共检测出97种挥发性有机物，不同企业排放的物质种类接近但含量差异较大，主要排放物质种类为含氧有机物、芳香烃、卤代烃.甲苯在3家香料企业的废气中质量分数占比都比较高，乙醇是香精香料企业废气中的主要排放物质之一.6家恶臭源排放的废气都具有较强的感官刺激性，其中2#香料企业感官刺激最为严重，该香料企业主要以生产杂环香料为主.根据理论臭气浓度值，初步识别导致该行业的关键恶臭特征物质为：酯类（乙酸乙酯）、芳香烃（甲苯和苯）、醇类（乙醇和异丁醇）、醛类（C9及以下醛）及硫化物（甲硫醚和甲硫醇）.Abstract: Due to the particularity of the fragrance and flavor industry, the raw and auxiliary materials used involve a large number of malodorous volatile organic compounds, resulting in complex exhaust gas components and obvious odors emitted by the industry. To understand the odor emission characteristics and the causes of odor pollution of the fragrance and flavor industry, samples were collected in each exhaust gas from 6 fragrance and flavor industries. The emission characteristics of odorous VOCs and the sensory odor concentration were measured. Based on the field date, the mainly causing odor compounds were identified. The results showed that a total of 97 volatile organic compounds were detected. The substances emitted from 6 sources were close but the content varies greatly. The main types of emitted substances were oxygen-containing organic compounds, aromatic hydrocarbons and halogenated hydrocarbons. Toluene had a relatively high mass fraction in three fragrance industries. Ethanol was one of the main substances in 6 sources. Exhaust gases emitted from the six sources had strong sensory irritation. The No. 2 fragrance source had the most serious irritation which mainly produces heterocyclic spices. According to the theoretical odor concentration value, esters (ethyl acetate), aromatic hydrocarbons (toluene and benzene), alcohols (ethanol and isobutanol), aldehydes (C9 and below aldehydes) and sulfides (methyl sulfide and methyl mercaptan) were preliminarily identified as characteristic odorous compounds of fragrance and flavor industry.
-
-
[1] 王亘,荆博宇. 恶臭污染防治难题怎解?[N]. 中国环境报, 2018-11408(003). WANG G, JING B Y. How to solve the problem of odor pollution prevention?[N]. China Environment News, 2018-11 -08(003)(in Chinese).
[2] INVERNIZZI M, CAPELLI L, SIRONI S. Proposal of odor nuisance index as urban planning tool[J]. Chemical Senses, 2017, 42(2):105-110. [3] NICELL J A. Assessment and regulation of odour impacts[J]. Atmosphere Environment, 2009,43(1):196-206 [4] 杨伟华,李伟芳,韩萌,等.基于现场监测的异味污染暴露-效应评价[J].环境化学,2019,38(7):1628-1635. YANG W H, LI W F, HAN M, et al. Odour exposure-response relationship evaluation based on field measurement[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2019,38(7):1628-1635(in Chinese).
[5] 石磊.恶臭污染测试与控制技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社, 2004:101-102. SHI L. Measurement and control technology of odor pollution[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press, 2004:101 -102(in Chinese).
[6] 芦会杰. 典型生活垃圾处理设施恶臭排放特征及污染评价[J]. 环境科学, 2017, 38(8):3178-3184. LU H J. Odor emission characteristics and pollution evaluation from typical household rubbish disposal facilities[J]. Environmental Science, 2017, 38(8):3178-3184(in Chinese).
[7] 翟增秀,孟洁,王亘,等. 有机溶剂使用企业挥发性恶臭有机物排放特征及特征物质识别[J]. 环境科学, 2018,39(8):3557-3562. ZHAI Z X, MENG J, WANG G, et al. Emission characteristic and characteristic substance identification of volatile malodorous organic compounds on the industry using organic solvent[J]. Environmental Science, 2018, 39(8):3557-3562(in Chinese).
[8] 王东升,朱新梦,杨晓芳,等.生物发酵制药VOCs与嗅味治理技术研究与发展[J].环境科学, 2019, 40(4):1990-1998. WANG D S, ZHU X M, YANG X F, et al. VOCs and odors control and development in pharmaceutical fermentation[J]. Environmental Science,2019,40(4):1990-1998(in Chinese).
[9] 区润桦. 汽车生产喷涂工艺中挥发性有机物的排放特征研究[D]. 广州:暨南大学, 2010:1-54. QU R H. The investigation of volatile organic compound's emission characteristic for automobile painting technics.[D]. Guangzhou:Jinan University, 2010:1 -54(in Chinese).
[10] 谭赟华. 广东省木制家具行业挥发性有机物(VOCs)排放特征研究[J]. 广东化工, 2012, 39(1):45-46 , 76. TAN Y H. Study on the Emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from woodiness furniture manufacture industry of Guangdong[J]. Guangdong Chemical Industry, 2012, 39(1):45-46, 76(in Chinese).
[11] 韩博,吴建会,王凤炜, 等.典型工业恶臭源恶臭排放特征研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2013, 33(3):416-422. HAN B, WU J H, WANG F W, et al. Characterization of industrial odor sources[J]. China Environmental Science, 2013, 33(3):416-422(in Chinese).
[12] 闫凤越,李伟芳,王亘,等.天津市工业区氨污染特征及感官特性评价[J].环境化学,2019,38(11):2505-2509. YAN F Y, LI W F, WANG G, et al. Study on pollution characteristics and sensory of NH3 industrial site of Tianjin City[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2019,38(11):2505-2509(in Chinese).
[13] 应登宇.香料生产中挥发性有机化合物治理工艺研究[J].当代化工研究,2018(5):143-144. YING D Y. Study on treatment technology of volatile organic compounds in spices production[J]. Modern Chemical Research, 2018 (5):143-144(in Chinese).
[14] 张雷亮,陈祥,宋杰,等.香料生产中挥发性有机化合物治理工艺研究[J].山东化工,2017,46(3):134-136. ZHANG L L,CHEN X, SONG J, et al. Research on treatment process of volatile organic compounds in fragrance production[J]. Shandong Chemical Industry, 2017,46(3):134-136(in Chinese).
[15] 易玉雅. 香精香料分析方法的研究进展[J].南方农机, 2018, 49(20):245. YI Y Y. Research progress on analysis methods of flavors and fragrances[J]. China Southern Agricultural Machinery, 2018 , 49(20):245(in Chinese).
[16] 段云霞,曾猛,许丹宇,等.香精香料废水废气处理工艺研究及设计[J].工业水处理,2017, 37(6):100-103. DUAN Y X, ZENG M, XU D Y, et al. Research and design of waste gas treatment process for flavor and fragrance wastewater[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2017, 37(6):100-103(in Chinese).
[17] 王竹槽,胡志军,徐明, 等.食用香精生产废气治理工程实例分析[J].环境科技, 2017, 30(2):43-46. WANG Z C, HU Z J, XU M, et al. Reconstruction project of edible essence factory waste gas treatment[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2017, 30(2):43-46(in Chinese).
[18] 孟洁,翟增秀,荆博宇,等.工业园区恶臭污染源排放特征和健康风险评估[J].环境科学,2019,40(9):3962-3972. MENG J, ZHAI Z X, JING B Y, et al. Characterization and health risk assessment of exposure to odorous pollutants emitted from industrial odor sources[J]. Environmental Science, 2019,40(9):3962-3972(in Chinese).
[19] GB/T14675-93, 空气质量恶臭的测定三点比较式臭袋法[S]. GB/T14675-93, Air quality-Determination of odor-Triangle odor bag method[S].(in Chinese). [20] CAPELLI L, SIRONI S, DEL ROSSO R, et al. A comparative and critical evaluation of odour assessment methods on a landfill site[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2008, 42(30):7050-7058. [21] 赵岩,陆文静,王洪涛,等. 城市固体废物处理处置设施恶臭污染评估指标体系研究[J].中国环境科学, 2014, 34(7):1804-1810. ZHAO Y, LU W J, WANG H T, et al. Evaluation index system of odor pollution for municipal solid waste treatment facilities[J]. China Environmental Science, 2014, 34(7):1804-1810(in Chinese).
[22] LI W F, YANG W H, LI J Y. Characterization and prediction of odours from municipal sewage treatment plant[J]. Water Science & Technology, 2018,3:762-769. [23] 吴传东,刘杰民,刘实华,等. 气味污染评价技术及典型垃圾处理工艺污染特征研究进展[J]. 工程科学学报,2017,39(11):1607-1616. WU C D, LIE J M, LIU S H, et al. Evaluation methods and characterization of odor pollution from typical waste disposal facilities:A review[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering,2017,39(11):1607-1616(in Chinese).
[24] 杨伟华,邹克华,李伟芳,等. 污水处理厂臭气浓度预测方法及愉悦度评价[J]. 环境污染与防治, 2018, 40(11):1306-1309. YANG W H, ZOU K H, LI W F, et al. Odor concentration prediction method and hedonic tone evaluation for sewage treatment plan[J].Environmental Pollution and Prevention, 2018, 40(11):1306-1309(in Chinese).
[25] NAGATA Y. Measurement of odor threshold by triangle odor bag method[R]. Odor measurement review, Tokyo:Japan Ministry of the Environment, 2003:118-127. [26] 马飞,李炜基,方琼, 等.香料香精行业废气中气味成分分析[J].分析试验室, 2016, 35(8):950-954. MA F, LI W J, FANG Q, et al. Analysis of smell substances from fragrance and flavor industry waste gas[J]. Chinese Journal of Analysis Laboratory, 2016,35(8):950-954(in Chinese).
[27] GB 14554-1993.恶臭污染物排放标准[S]. GB 14554-1993. Emission standards for odor pollutants[S].(in Chinese). [28] Japan MOE. Offensive Odor Control Law[EB/OL].[2017-07-25]. http://www.env.go.jp/en/laws/air/odor/ch.html#ch2. Tokyo:government of Japan, 2003 [29] YANG S B.A comparative study on odor regulation in Japan and Korea[EB/OL].[2017-07-25]. Tokyo:University of Ulsan, 2005. http://www.env.go.jp/en/air/odor/measure/02_2.pdf. [30] 王亘,王宗爽,王元刚,等. 国内外恶臭污染控制标准研究[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2012, 35(S2):147-151. WANG G,WANG Z S,WANG Y G,et al. Study on odor pollution control standard of domestic and foreign[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2012, 35(S2):147-151(in Chinese).
-
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 2853
- HTML全文浏览数: 2853
- PDF下载数: 100
- 施引文献: 0
下载:
