电絮凝法去除模拟废水中的PFOS和PFOA
Removal of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) from simulated water by electrocoagulation
-
摘要: 由于全氟化合物（PFCs）具有持久性、生物富集性和多种毒性，近年来人们日益关注广泛存在于工业废水、生活污水、以及天然水体中的全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）和全氟辛酸（PFOA）污染.本研究通过周期换向电絮凝法对模拟废水中的PFOS和PFOA污染进行高效处理，并对处理条件和吸附机理进行深入探讨.鉴于其去除效果会受到不同因素的影响，为明确最优参数，本研究着眼于以下影响因素：电极材料、电流密度、pH值、电解质的浓度与种类、极板间距、换相时间、转速、污染物的初始浓度等，同时采用控制变量法研究不同条件下溶液中PFOS和PFOA的去除率.由实验结果可知，在使用Al-Zn电极、添加0.035 mol·L-1的NaCl、电流密度调整为25 mA·cm-2、初始pH值控制在7左右、电极间距为2 cm、换向时间为10 s、转速为600 r·min-1的条件下，PFOS和PFOA的去除效果最佳.Abstract: Because of the persistence, bioaccumulation, and multiple toxicities of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), increasing attentions have been paid on perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) widespread contaminations in industrial and domestic wastewaters, and even natural water bodies in recent years. In this study, treatment of PFOS and PFOA in simulated solution was performed effectively with the periodically reverse electrocoagulation (PREC), and further studies were implemented on the conditions of treatment and adsorption mechanism. Since the removal effects of PREC could be affected by various factors, this study focused on the following factors in order to determine the optimal parameters, involving electrode material, current density, pH value, concentration and type of electrolyte, plate spacing, reversion time, stirring speed, and initial concentration of pollutants. In addition, the removal rates of PFOS and PFOA under different conditions were also studied by control variable methods. The experimental results showed that the optimal removal efficiency of PFOS and PFOA treatment could be achieved under the conditions of using Al-Zn electrode, adding 0.035 mol·L-1 NaCl, adjusting current density to 25 mA·cm-2, controlling initial pH at about 7, setting distance between electrodes to 2 cm, reversion time to 10 s, and speed to 600 r·min-1.
-
Key words:
- PFOS /
- PFOA /
- periodically reverse /
- electrode /
- electrocoagulation
-
-
[1] 刘冰,金一和,于棋麟,等. 松花江水系江水中全氟辛烷磺酸和全氟辛酸污染现状调查[J]. 环境科学学报,2007, 27(3):480-486. LIU B, JIN Y H, YU Q L, et al. Investigation of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) pollution in the surface water of the Songhua River[J]. Journal of Environmental Science, 2007, 27(3):480-486(in Chinese).
[2] 吴越超,蒋强,陶晓红,等. 水环境中全氟化合物的污染现状及检测方法研究[J]. 皮革与化工,2017,34(6):29-31. WU C Y, JIANG Q, TAO X H, et al. Research on pollution and detection of perfluorochemicals in water[J]. Leather and Chemical Industry, 2017, 34(6):29-31(in Chinese).
[3] 周秀鹃,盛南,王建设,等. 全氟和多氟化合物替代品的研究进展[J]. 生态毒理学报,2017,12(3):3-12. ZHOU X J, SHENG N, WANG J S, et al. The current research status of several kinds of fluorinated alternatives[J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 2017, 12(3):3-12(in Chinese).
[4] CAI M, YANG H, XIE Z, et al. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl sub-stances in snow, lake, surface runoff water and coastal seawater in Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2012, 209:335-342. [5] KWOK K Y, YAMAZAKI E, YAMASHITA N, et al. Transport of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from an arctic glacier to down-stream locations:Implications for sources[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2013, 447:46-55. [6] PAN C G, LIU Y S, YING G G. Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in wastewater treatment plants and drinking water treatment plants:Removal efficiency and exposure risk[J]. Water Research, 2016, 106:562-570. [7] 曲燕,张超杰,李飞,等. 环境中全氟有机物的毒性、检测分析及降解[J]. 环境污染与防治,2007,29(11):848-853. QU Y, ZHANG C J, LI F, et al. The toxicity, monitoring analysis and decomposition of perfluoroganics in the environment[J]. Environmental Pollution and Prevention, 2007, 29(11):848-853(in Chinese).
[8] 鲍佳. 典型水体沉积物与点源周边环境的全氟烷酸类化合物污染现状及趋势研究[D]. 大连:大连理工大学,2010. BAO J. Research on perfluoroalkyl acid (PFAA) contamination status and trend in the sediments of typical water bodies and the environment around a point source[D]. Dalian:Dalian University of Technology, 2010(in Chinese). [9] 王媛,张彭义. 全氟辛酸和全氟辛烷磺酸人体暴露途径解析及其污染控制技术[J]. 化学进展,2010,22(1):210-219. WANG Y, ZHANG P Y. Human exposure pathways and pollution control technology of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS)[J]. Advances in Chemistry, 2010(1):210-219(in Chinese).
[10] MCGUIRE M E, SCHAEFER C, RICHARDS T, et al. Evidence of remediation-induced alteration of subsurface poly- and perfluoroalkyl substance distribution at a former firefighter training area[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2014, 48(12):6644-6652. [11] APPLEMAN T D, HIGGINS C P, QUINONES O, et al. Treatment of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances in U.S. full-scale water treatment systems[J]. Water Research, 2014, 51:246-255. [12] 刘洋,胡筱敏,赵研,等. 全氟化合物及其替代品的处理技术[J]. 环境化学,2018,37(8):1860-1868. LIU Y, HU X M, ZHAO Y, et al. Treatment techniques for perfluorinated compounds and their alternatives[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2018, 37(8):1860-1868(in Chinese).
[13] BAO Y, NIU J, XU Z, et al. Removal of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) from water by coagulation:Mechanisms and influencing factors[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2014, 434:59-64. [14] LAKSHMANAN D, CLIFFORD D A, SAMANTA G. Ferrous and ferric ion generation during iron electrocoagulation[J]. Environmental Science Technology, 2009, 43(10):3853-3859. [15] LIU Y, HU X M, ZHAO Y, et al. Removal of perfluorooctanoic acid in simulated and natural waters with different electrode materials by electrocoagulation[J]. Chemosphere, 2018, 201:303-309. [16] ASSELIN M, DROGUI P, BENMOUSSA H, et al. Effectiveness of electrocoagulation process in removing organic compounds from slaughterhouse wastewater using monopolar and bipolar electrolytic cells[J]. Chemosphere, 2008, 72(11):1727-1733. [17] DANESHVAR N, OLADEGARAGOZE A, DJAFARZADEH N. Decolorization of basic dye solutions by electrocoagulation:An investigation of the effect of operational parameters[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2006, 129(1/2/3):116-122. [18] SCHAEFER C E, ANDAYA C, URTIAGA A, et al. Electrochemical treatment of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) in groundwater impacted by aqueous film forming foams (AFFFs)[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2015, 295:170-175. [19] SAHU O, MAZUMDAR B, CHAUDHARI P K. Treatment of wastewater by electrocoagulation:A review[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2014, 21(4):2397-2413. [20] MENG P, DENG S, MAIMAITI A, et al. Efficient removal of perfluorooctane sulfonate from aqueous film-forming foam solution by aeration-foam collection[J]. Chemosphere, 2018, 203:263-270. [21] FENG X, MATT F.C, JOHN S.G. Mechanisms for removal of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) from drinking water by conventional and enhanced coagulation[J]. Water Research, 2013, 47(1):49-56. [22] WANG Y J, LIN H, JIN F Y, et al. Electrocoagulation mechanism of perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) on a zinc anode:Influence of cathodes and anions[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2016, 557-558:542-550. [23] 刘玉玲,陆君,马晓云,等. 电絮凝过程处理含铬废水的工艺及机理[J]. 环境工程学报,2014,8(9):3640-3644. LIU Y L, LU J, MA X Y, et al. Technique and mechanism of electrocoagulation process for treatment of wastewater containing chromium[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2014, 8(9):3640-3644(in Chinese).
[24] CHEN G. Electrochemical technologies in wastewater treatment[J]. Separation & Purification Technology, 2004, 38(1):11-41. [25] 费琼,王少坡,罗伟,等. 电絮凝法在水处理过程中影响因素研究现状[J]. 工业水处理,2016,36(12):16-21. FEI Q, WANG S P, LUO W, et al. Current situation of the research on the influencing factors of electro-coagulation method in the process of water treatment[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2016, 36(12):16-21(in Chinese).
-
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 3692
- HTML全文浏览数: 3692
- PDF下载数: 142
- 施引文献: 0
下载:
