干粉菌剂保护剂对溶藻菌溶藻效果与稳定性能的影响
Influences of dry powder bacteria protective agent on lytic effect and stability of algae-dissolving bacteria
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摘要:
针对液体菌剂在使用过程中易受杂菌污染以及运输过程中存储不便等问题，选取蔗糖、甘油、谷氨酸钠、脱脂乳粉等4种常见材料做干粉菌剂保护剂，真空冷冻干燥条件下，以小麦粉作为载体，分析不同浓度保护剂作用下的活菌数量及冷冻干燥前后的活菌率变化，作为探究4种保护剂在干粉菌剂制备过程中保护作用与机理的依据.实验结果表明，浓度为10%蔗糖溶液、10%甘油溶液、4%脱脂乳粉溶液以及8%谷氨酸钠溶液做保护剂时活菌率最高、活菌数最大，蔗糖浓度为10%，冷冻干燥前液体菌剂中溶藻菌的数量约为9.65×109 CFU·mL-1，冷冻干燥后干粉菌剂中溶藻菌数量约为15.20×109 CFU·mL-1，溶藻菌成活率为157.51%，高于其他3种保护剂.整个溶藻过程大致持续8 d，在第8 d时，蔗糖作保护剂的菌剂溶藻率达96.04%，以甘油作保护剂菌剂溶藻率达96.11%，菌剂中含有谷氨酸钠和脱脂乳粉，溶藻率分别为94.14%和94.22%.蔗糖和甘油在菌体新陈代谢过程中对菌的保护能力较强，溶藻菌菌体数量多，成活率高，菌体稳定性好，溶藻效果比液体菌剂稍差.
Abstract:The liquid bacteria agent is easy to be contaminated by other kinds of bacterial and is difficult to be delivered during the using or transportation process. In this study, four kinds of common including materials, sucrose, glycerin, monosodium glutamate, skim milk, were investigated as dry powder protective agents under the condition of the wheat flour being the carrier. The living bacteria quantity and the change in the living bacteria ratio before and after freeze drying with different concentrations of protective agents were examined under the condition of vacuum freeze-drying. The results can help to understand the role and mechanism of these 4 protective agents during the preparation of dry powder bacterial agents. The experimental results showed that the living ratio was biggest when the protective agent involved 10% of the sucrose solution, 10% of glycerol solution, 4% of skim milk powder and 8% of monosodium glutamate solution. The quantity of bacteria dissolved in the liquid bacteria before freeze-drying was about 9.65×109 CFU·mL-1 when the sucrose concentration was at 10%. After freeze drying process, the quantity of bacteria in the dry powder bacteria is approximate 15.20×109 CFU·mL-1, and the living ratio of the bacteria is 157.51%, which is higher than other 3 kinds of protective agents. The whole dissolving algae process will last 8 days, 96.04% of algae would be dissolved at 8th day. 96.11% of algae would be dissolved when the glycerol is employed as a protective agent. Furthermore, the algae dissolving ratio decreased to 94.14% and 94.22% when the bacterial agents involved monosodium glutamate and skim milk powder. Sucrose and glycerol can protect the bacteria during the bacteria metabolism, most of algae dissolving bacteria was thus alive and the stability of the bacteria was great. However, the algae dissolving effect is worse than that of liquid agent.
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