塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地纵向沙垄区沙尘水溶性离子的垂直分布
Vertical distribution of water soluble ions in the longitudinal dunes in the hinterland of Taklimakan Desert
-
摘要: 文章分析了2014年9-10月期间3场沙尘天气过程塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地塔中大气环境观测试验站80 m梯度观测塔7个高度沙尘样品的水溶性离子分布.结果表明，各高度主要离子成分为Cl-、SO42-、Na+、Ca2+，4种离子浓度之和占总浓度的比例均高达91%以上.水溶性离子的相对含量较低，各高度水溶性离子质量之和在粒子总质量中的含量均不足2%.水溶性离子浓度随高度的变化趋势为：16 m以下，随着高度升高，水溶性离子浓度呈下降趋势；24 m处所有水溶性离子浓度迅速增大达到峰值，水溶性离子浓度波动较大；24-80 m随着高度升高，水溶性离子浓度整体上呈下降趋势，但9月10日水溶性离子浓度在63 m有略微的增大趋势.水溶性离子在沙尘中的结合形式为NaCl、CaSO4、Na2SO4以及少量的CaCl2、K2SO4和KCl等.Abstract: This work investigated vertical distribution of water soluble ions in 21 sand dust samples, which were collected from 7 different altitudes of a 80 m gradient observation tower in the atmospheric environment observation station in the hinterland of Taklimakan desert during three occasions of sand and dust weather from September to October, 2014. The results showed that the main ion components distributed at each altitude were Cl-, SO42-, Na+ and Ca2+, the concentration of which accounted for over 91% of the total concentration. The relative content of water soluble ions was much lower and their total mass at each altitude was less than 2% of the total particle mass. The concentration of water soluble ions changes with the altitude, which decreaseed with the rise of altitude below 16 m, rapidly to the peak value and fluctuated greatly at an altitude of 24 m and then decreased with the rise of altitude between 24 m and 80 m. However, the concentration of water soluble ions rose slightly at the altitude of 63 m on September 10. The binding patterns of water soluble ions in the sand dust comprised NaCl, CaSO4, Na2SO4 and a small amount of CaCl2, K2SO4 and KCl, etc.
-
-
[1] 王艳,葛福玲,刘晓环,等.泰山降水化学及大气传输的研究[J].环境科学学报,2006,26(7):1187-1194. WANG Y, GE F L, LIU X X, et al. Study on the precipitation chemistry and atmospheric transport at the Mount Taishan[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2006,26(7):1187-1194(in Chinese).
[2] VERMA S,BOUCHER O, UPADHYAYA H C, et al. Sulfate aerosols forcing:An estimate using a three-dimensional interactive chemistry scheme[J]. Atmospheric environment, 2006, 40(40):7953-7962. [3] 苗红妍,温天雪,王丽,等.唐山大气颗粒物中水溶性无机盐的观测研究[J].环境科学,2013,34(4):1225-1231. MIAO H Y, WEN T X, WANG L, et al. Water-soluble inorganic salts in ambient aerosol particles in Tangshan[J]. Environmental Science, 2013,34(4):1225-1231(in Chinese).
[4] 刘俊卿,杨勇杰,周瑞,等.西藏日喀则地区夏、冬季大气颗粒物水溶性离子粒径分布特征[J].环境化学,2015,34(6):1103-1108. LIU J Q, YANG Y J, ZHOU R, et al. Size distributions of water-soluble inorganic ions in atmospheric particulate matter in Shigatse[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2015,34(6):1103-1108(in Chinese).
[5] 陈诚,陈辰,汤莉莉,等.江苏沿江城市PM10和PM2.5中水溶性离子特征及来源分析[J].环境化学,2014,33(12):2123-2135. CHEN C, CHEN C, TANG L L, et al. Characteristics and sources analysis of water-soluble ions in PM10 and PM2.5 in cities along the Yangtze River of Jiangsu Province[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2014,33(12):2123-2135(in Chinese).
[6] 孔春霞,郭胜利,汤莉莉.南京气溶胶水溶性离子粒径分布及其随高度的变化[J].大气科学学报,2010,33(6):757-761. KONG C X,GUO S L,TANG L L.Size distribution of water soluble ions in aerosol and its variation with height in Nanjing[J].Transactions of Atmospheric Sciences,2010,33(6):757-761(in Chinese).
[7] 郭斌,任爱玲,李良玉,等.石家庄秋季可吸入颗粒物的垂直分布特征[J].中国科学院研究生院学报,2007,24(5):714-719. GUO B, REN A L, LI L Y, et al. The vertical distribution characteristics of respirable particles in autumn of Shijiazhuang[J]. Journal of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2007,24(5):714-719(in Chinese).
[8] HAINES A. Climate Change 2001:The Scientific Basis. Contribution of Working Group 1 to the Third Assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change[M]. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2001. [9] 徐宏辉,王跃思,温天雪,等.北京大气气溶胶中水溶性离子的粒径分布和垂直分布[J].环境科学,2007,28(1):14-19. XU H H, WANG Y S, WEN T X, et al. Size Distributions and vertical distributions of water soluble ions of atmospheric aerosol in Beijing[J]. Environmental Science, 2007,28(1):14-19(in Chinese).
[10] 杨东贞,于海青,丁国安,等.北京北郊冬季低空大气气溶胶分析[J].应用气象学报,2002,13(特刊):113-126. YANG D Z, YU H Q, DING G A, et al. An analysis of aerosols in the lower-level atmosphere over Beijing northern suburbs in winter[J]. Quarterly Journal of Applied Meteorlolgy, 2002 ,13(Suppl):113-126(in Chinese).
[11] 李仁娜,孙丰宾,伦小秀,等.北京森林大气PM2.5中水溶性无机离子垂直分布特征[J].安全与环境学报,2014,14(6):262-266. LI R N, SUN F B, LUN X X, et al. On the vertical distribution of the water-soluble inorganics in PM2. 5 in the forests of Beijing area[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment, 2014,14(6):262-266(in Chinese).
[12] 姚青,孙玫玲,张长春,等.天津大气气溶胶化学组分的粒径分布和垂直分布[J].气象科技,2008,36(6):692-696. YAO Q, SUN M L, ZHANG C C, et al. Size distribution and vertical variation of atmospheric aerosol in Tianjin[J]. Meteorological Science and Technology, 2008,36(6):692-696(in Chinese).
[13] 文彬,银燕,秦彦硕,等.夏季黄山不同高度大气气溶胶水溶性离子特征分析[J].环境科学,2013,34(5):1973-1981. WEN B, YIN Y, QING Y S, et al. Chemical characteristics of water-soluble components of aerosol particles at different altitudes of the mount Huang in the summer[J]. Environmental Science, 2013,34(5):1973-1981(in Chinese).
[14] 赵亚南,王跃思,温天雪,等.贡嘎山大气气溶胶中水溶性无机离子的观测与分析研究[J].环境科学,2009,30(1):9-13. ZHAO Y N, WANG Y S, WEN T X, et al. Observation and analysis on water-soluble inorganic chemical compositions of atmospheric aerosol in Gongga Mountain[J]. Environmental Science, 2009,30(1):9-13(in Chinese).
[15] 李娟.中亚地区沙尘气溶胶的理化特性、来源、长途传输及其对全球变化的可能影响[D].上海:复旦大学,2009. LI J.Physicochemical characteristics, sources and long-distance transport of dust aerosol in central asia and its impact on global change[D].Shanghai:Fudan University,2009(in Chinese). [16] 钟玉婷,刘新春,范子昂,等.2009年塔里木盆地总悬浮颗粒物时空分布及无机离子浓度特征分析[J].中国沙漠,2012,32(4):1053-1061. ZHONG Y T, LIU X C, FAN Z A, et al. Spatiotemporal distribution and inorganic ion concentration of total suspended particles in Tarim Basin in 2009[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2012,32(4):1053-1061(in Chinese).
[17] 王慧琴.塔里木盆地大气降尘时空变化及TSP理化特性分析[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆大学,2012. WANG H Q. Analysis on the spatio-temporal variations of dust-fall and the physical-chemical properties of TSP in Tarim Basin[D]. Urumqi:Xinjiang University, 2012(in Chinese). [18] 何清.塔克拉玛干沙漠塔中大气环境观测试验站大气边界层结构及地-气相互作用观测研究[D].南京:南京信息工程大学,2009. HE Q. Observational study of atmospheric boundary layer structure and ground-gas interaction in Tazhong atmospheric environmental experiment station in Taklimakan Desert[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,2009(in Chinese). [19] 薛福民,李娟,黄侃,等.塔克拉玛干沙漠黑碳气溶胶的特性及来源[J].中国科学:化学,2010,40(5):556-566. XUE F M, LI J, HUANG K, et al. Characteristics and source of black carbon over Taklimakan Desert[J]. Scientia Sinica(Chimica), 2010,40(5):556-566(in Chinese).
[20] SUN J, LIU T. The age of the Taklimakan Desert[J].Science,2006,312(5780):1621-1621. [21] 崔文岭.沙尘气溶胶自北向南长途传输过程中化学特征的演化及其与污染气溶胶的混合机理[D].上海:复旦大学,2009. CUI W L. Chemical transformation of dust components and mixing mechanisms of dust with pollution aerosol during the transport from north to south China[D]. Shanghai:Fudan University, 2009(in Chinese). [22] 刘明哲,魏文寿,周宏飞,等.中国西北沙尘源区与日本沉降区大气气溶胶粒子理化特征及对比[J].中国沙漠,2003,23(4):408-414. LIU M Z, WEI W S, ZHOU H F, et al. Physiochemical properties of atmospheric aerosol particles over sand-dust source areas and sedimentary areas in Asia[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2003,23(4):408-414(in Chinese).
[23] 颜鹏,毛节泰,杨东贞,等.临安一次沙尘暴过程影响气溶胶物理化学特性演变的初步分析[J].第四纪研究,2004,24(4):437-446. YAN P, MAO J T, YANG D Z, et al. The characterization of aerosol physical and chemical properties at LIN'AN station during the transport of a sandstorm[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2004,24(4):437-446(in Chinese).
[24] 戴灵慧,邱玉珺.南京北郊大气降尘通量及离子分布特征[J].宁夏农林科技,2012,53(10):165-168. DAI L H, QIU Y J. Distributional characteristics of ions and flux of dust-fall in the northern subub of Nanjing[J]. Ningxia Journal of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, 2012,53(10):165-168(in Chinese).
[25] 刘新春,钟玉婷,何清,等.塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地沙尘气溶胶质量浓度垂直分布特征[J].中国沙漠,2012,32(4):1045-1052. LIU X C, ZHONG Y T, HE Q, et al. Vertical distribution of dust aerosol mass concentration in hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2012,32(4):1045-1052(in Chinese).
[26] 胡泽勇,黄荣辉,卫国安,等.2000年6月4日沙尘暴过境时敦煌地面气象要素及地表能量平衡特征的变化[J].大气科学,2002,26(1):1-8. Hu Z Y, HUANG R H, WEI G A, et al. Variations of surface atmospheric variables and energy budget during a sandstorm passing Dunhuang on June 6 of 2000[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2002,26(1):1-8(in Chinese).
[27] WANG X, DONG Z, ZHANG J, et al. Geomorphology of sand dunes in the Northeast Taklimakan Desert[J].Geomorphology,2002,42(3):183-195. [28] PATTERSON E M, GILLETTE D A. Commonalities in measured size distributions for aerosols having a soil-derived component[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1977,82(15):2074-2082. [29] 黄侃.亚洲沙尘长途传输中的组分转化机理及中国典型城市的灰霾形成机制[D].上海:复旦大学,2010. HUANG K. The transformation of aerosol components during the 1ong range transport of Asian dust and the formation mechanism of haze in mega city, China[D].Shanghai:Fudan University,2010(in Chinese). [30] 吴丹.沙尘天气对降水和颗粒物污染化学特性影响的初步研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2007. WU D. A preliminary study of influences of dust events on chemical properties of precipitation and TSP pollution[D]. Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2007(in Chinese). [31] 陈洪武,王旭,马禹.塔里木盆地局地和区域性强沙尘暴天气过程研究[J].中国沙漠,2003,23(5):533-538. CHEN H W, WANG X, MA Y. A Study on the local and regional strong sandstorm process in Tarim Basin[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2003,23(5):533-538(in Chinese).
[32] 吴新萍,王江,井立红,等.天气类型对塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地沙尘浓度的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(3):146-150. WU X P, WANG J, JING L H, et al. The effects of synoptic pattern on dust concentration in the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2016,30(3):146-150(in Chinese).
-
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 1261
- HTML全文浏览数: 1197
- PDF下载数: 333
- 施引文献: 0
下载:
