巢湖东半湖饮用水源区沉积物药品和个人护理品(PPCPs)分布与生态风险
Distribution and ecological risk of sedimentary PPCPs in the eastern drinking water source area of Chaohu Lake
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摘要: 采用超声溶剂萃取（USE）、固相萃取（SPE）组合前处理和超高液相色谱-串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）方法，对巢湖东半湖饮用水源区120 km2范围内的14个采样点的沉积物中28种药品和个人护理品（PPCPs）进行了检测，并评估其生态风险.结果显示，在检测的28种PPCPs中，有21种在所有样点均未检出，有3种在部分样点达到检出限、但未达到定量限，有4种在部分样点达到了定量限，分别是苯扎贝特（BF）、咖啡因（CAF）、四环素（TCN）、泰妙菌素（TIA）.4种PPCPs的最大含量分别为：BF 6.19 μg·kg-1、CAF 3.30 μg·kg-1、TCN 7.06 μg·kg-1、TIA 27.60 μg·kg-1，其定量检出率分别为：BF 35.7%、CAF 28.6%、TCN 21.4%、TIA 85.7%.沉积物PPCPs含量在沿岸带高于敞水带，且沿主湖流方向自西向东呈降低趋势.分析了PPCPs分布与沉积物性质的关系，发现其与部分理化指标存在正相关或负相关关系.采用风险商（RQ）法对4种检出的PPCPs进行生态风险评估，显示在78.5%的采样点对藻类有中等风险或高风险，对无脊椎动物、鱼类在42.9%的采样点存在中等风险，其余为低风险.巢湖东半湖饮用水源区沉积物PPCPs的生态风险需引起重视.Abstract: Occurrence, distribution and ecological risk of 28 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) were investigated in the eastern drinking water source area of Chaohu Lake. Sediment samples were collected from 14 sampling sites covering 120 km2 in east Chaohu Lake. A combined pretreatment method coupling ultrasonic solvent extraction (USE) and solid-phase extraction (SPE) was applied for the extraction and pre-concentration of PPCPs. The pretreated samples were then analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The ecological risk of sedimentary PPCPs was also evaluated. Results showed that 21 PPCPs were not detected in all sites, 3 PPCPs detected in some sites yet not reaching the limit of quantitation (LOQ), and 4 PPCPs reached the LOQ in some sites, which were bezafibrate (BF), caffeine (CAF), tetracycline (TCN) and tiamulin (TIA). The maximum contents of the above four detected PPCPs were 6.19 μg·kg-1, 3.30 μg·kg-1, 7.06 μg·kg-1, and 27.60 μg·kg-1, and the quantitative detection rates were 35.7%, 28.6%, 21.4%, and 85.7%, respectively. The contents of PPCPs in the lake sediments were higher in littoral zone than in pelagic zone, and a decreasing trend was found from west to east along the main direction of the lake current. The relationship between sediment properties and distribution of PPCPs were analyzed, and some positive or negative relationships were observed.The ecological risk of PPCPs was assessed by calculating the risk quotient (RQ). It was showed that the 4 detected PPCPs posed a high/moderate risk to algae in 78.5% sampling sites, and a moderate risk to invertebrates or fish in 42.9% sampling sites. The ecological risk induced by PPCPs to the Chaohu Lake should arouse more attention.
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Key words:
- Chaohu Lake /
- water source /
- sediment /
- PPCPs /
- distribution /
- risk
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