典型废旧塑料处置地土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯污染特征及健康风险
Contamination and health risk of phthalate esters in soils from a typical waste plastic recycling area
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摘要: 对河北某典型废旧塑料处置地土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯污染水平及分布特征进行了研究.结果表明,废旧塑料处置地土壤中∑16PAEs含量0.517-30.1μg·g-1,平均为6.98μg·g-1,与电子垃圾处理地土壤PAEs含量处于同一个数量级,高出一般土壤1-2个数量级.邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯(DEHP),邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(DIBP)和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)为PAEs污染的主要同系物,其中DEHP对总量贡献率最大,平均为68.8%.废旧塑料回收利用过程中的污染排放是该研究区土壤中PAEs的主要来源.对美国EPA和欧盟优先控制的6种PAEs(邻苯二甲酸二甲酯、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸丁基苄基酯、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯、邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯)同系物进行了风险评价,结果表明成人和儿童对DEHP暴露的致癌风险超出了可接受水平.废旧塑料处置地土壤的PAEs污染应引起高度重视.Abstract: Levels and distributions of phthalate esters(PAEs) were investigated in surface soils from a typical waste plastic recycling area in Hebei, China. The results showed that the concentrations of total PAEs ranged from 0.517 to 30.1μg·g-1 with a mean value of 6.98μg·g-1. Levels of PAEs in the investigated soils were similar to those soils in some e-waste recycling areas and were one to two orders of magnitude higher than those reported in other urban soils from China. Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(DEHP) was the dominant congener(representing 68.8% of the total PAEs) in the study soils, followed by diisobutyl phthalate(DIBP) and dibutyl phthalate(DBP). Source assessment indicated that the emission from waste plastic recycling was a major contributor to PAEs in the soils. The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of six congeners, i.e., dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, benzyl butyl phthalate, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate and di-n-octylo-phthalate, classed as priority pollutants by US EPA and European Union, were estimated through the main pathways:ingestion, inhalation and dermal contact. The non-carcinogenic risks to adults and children from exposure to soil DEHP exceeded the acceptable level. Our results show that crude plastic waste processing is a major contributor to PAEs in the soils, which should be of great concern.
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Key words:
- waste plastic recycling /
- soils /
- phthalate esters(PAEs) /
- distribution /
- health risks.
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