污染场地中挥发性有机物的扩散和人群暴露预测模型研究进展
Research Progress on Volatile Organic Compounds Diffusion and Population Exposure Prediction Models in Contaminated Cites
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摘要: 污染场地中挥发性有机物（volatile organic compounds，VOCs）的精准风险评估是开展后续修复工作的重要依据。鉴于VOCs易挥发的特性，呼吸吸入气态污染物是可能对人体健康造成危害的最主要的暴露途径。目前常用基于实测土壤中VOCs浓度或基于实测土壤气中VOCs浓度的模型来计算呼吸吸入暴露途径下的健康风险。本文在分析污染场地土壤和土壤气2种不同介质中VOCs分布特点的基础上，总结了国内外常用的健康风险评估模型及应用情况，分析了可能对模型预测结果产生影响的因素，尤其是假设条件和模型输入参数。最后，本文建议加强土壤气中VOCs的调查与评估研究工作，同时加强实地调查、多渠道获取模型参数以建立本土化数据库并进行参数的精细化划分，以降低模型的不确定性。Abstract: The precise risk assessment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in contaminated sites is an important basis for conducting subsequent remediation work. Given the volatile nature of VOCs, breathing and inhaling gaseous pollutants is the main exposure pathway that may pose a threat to human health. Currently, models based on measured VOCs concentration in soil or measured VOCs concentration in soil gas are commonly used to calculate health risks under respiratory inhalation exposure routes. On the basis of analyzing the distribution characteristics of VOCs in soil and soil gas at contaminated sites, this article summarizes the commonly used health risk assessment models and their application, and analyzes the factors that may affect the model's prediction results, especially the assumed conditions and model input parameters. Finally, it is suggested to strengthen the investigation and evaluation of VOCs in soil gas, obtaining model parameters from multiple channels to establish a localized database and finely dividing parameters to reduce model uncertainty.
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Key words:
- soil gas /
- VOCs /
- health risk assessment /
- influencing factors
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