海南省典型饮用水源地水体与沉积物中抗生素的残留及风险评价
Residual and Risk Assessment of Antibiotics in Water and Sediments of Typical Drinking Water Sources in Hainan Province
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摘要: 抗生素因其高效性而被大量使用，排放进入环境后成为新污染物，其健康风险日益引起广泛关注。目前在多种环境介质中均检测到抗生素的存在，而海南省尚缺乏有关饮用水源地抗生素污染的数据。本研究选取海南省5个典型饮用水源地采集水样和底泥沉积物样品，分析了5类抗生素（磺胺类、喹诺酮类、四环素类、大环内酯类和其他类）的污染水平，并评估水体中抗生素的生态和健康风险。结果表明，在水体中共检出9种抗生素，总浓度范围为2.48～112.87 ng·L-1，主要污染物为磺胺甲恶唑、氟罗沙星和强力霉素。沉积物中共检出12种抗生素，总浓度范围为3.46～28.92 ng·g-1，主要污染物为氟罗沙星。生态风险评估结果表明，水体中检出的抗生素风险商（RQ）值均<1，未发现单一抗生素在各水源地存在高风险。人体健康风险评估结果表明，各水源地中检出的抗生素健康风险商（RQH）值均远<0.01，对成人和儿童健康造成的损害可忽略。Abstract: Antibiotics are widely used owing to their high efficiency. However, the discharge of antibiotics into the ambient environment resulting in them as a category of emerging contaminants, causing potential human health risks which are attracting increasingly attention in recent years. To date, antibiotics have been detected in a variety of environmental matrices, whereas there is still a lack of data on antibiotic contamination in drinking water sources in Hainan Province. In this study, water and sediment samples were collected from five typical drinking water sources in Hainan Province, the pollution levels of five classes of antibiotics, including sulfonamides, quinolones, tetracyclines, macrolides and others, were analyzed, and the potential health risks were assessed. The results indicated that nine antibiotics were frequently detected in the water, with total concentrations ranging from 2.48 to 112.87 ng·L-1. The main pollutants were sulfamethoxazole, fleroxacin and doxycycline. Twelve antibiotics were detected in the sediments, with concentrations ranging from 3.46 to 28.92 ng·g-1. The major pollutant was fleroxacin. The ecological risk assessment results of antibiotics in water showed that the risk quotient (RQ) value is less than 1in all water samples, and no antibiotic is found to have high risk in each water source. The results of human health risk assessment showed that the health risk quotient (RQH) value of antibiotics detected in each water source is far less than 0.01, and the damage to adults and children can be neglected.
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Key words:
- antibiotics /
- drinking water sources /
- water /
- sediments /
- ecological risks /
- human health risks
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