摘要:
为了研究污水污泥在海洋环境中释放带来的生态风险,在分析上海 7 处典型污水处理厂污水污泥浸出液中重金属与溶解性有机碳的基础上,使用黑鲷,卤虫,三角褐指藻,纤细角毛藻和小球藻研究污水污泥浸出液对海洋生物的急性毒性作用和生长抑制作用。化学分析结果表明,所有样点的污水污泥浸出液中重金属总量均低于中国(GB5085.3-2007)与欧盟(EN12457.2-2002)关于危险废弃物的鉴别标准,但溶解性有机碳(DOC)含量超过欧盟标准 1 个数量级。毒性实验结果表明,黑鲷幼鱼对污水污泥浸出液的敏感性最强,其次是海洋微藻,卤虫无节幼体的敏感性较低; 毒性综合分析结果表明,S2 和 S3 点的污水污泥浸出液对海洋生物的综合生物毒性相对最高,而 S4,S5 的综合生物毒性最低,其中接纳污水为工业污水,且有机质与硫化物含量较低的污水污泥浸出液对海洋生物的综合生物毒性较低。
Abstract:
Acute toxicity and growth inhibition of sewage sludge leachate to Sparus macrocephalus, Artemia saline, Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin, Chaetoceros gracilis and Chlorella sp. were conducted to assess ecological risk arising from the contaminants releasing from sewage sludge in marine environment. Heavy metal and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were also analyzed in sewage sludge leachate from 7 representative STPs in Shanghai before toxicity test. Chemical analysis results showed that concentrations of all heavy metals were lower than guidelines of both EU (EN12457.2-2002) and China (GB5085.3-2007). However, concentrations of DOC in all samples were one order of magnitude higher than the EU guidelines. Toxicity test results indicated that Sparus macrocephalus was the most sensitive organism to leachate followed by microalgae and Artemia saline, respectively. Clustere analysis on toxicity data showed that S2 and S3 were the most toxic samples to marine organisms, while S4 and S5 were the lowest. Generally, industrial sewage sludge with lower content of sulfide and organic matter shows less toxicity than other samples.
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