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随着我国社会经济的快速发展和人民生活水平的提高,餐厨垃圾产生量与日俱增,已成为影响人居环境的重要污染源。餐厨垃圾是城市生活垃圾中有机固废的主要来源,以淀粉、纤维素、蛋白质、脂肪等为主要成分,具有营养丰富、易生物降解的特性。采用厌氧发酵技术处理餐厨垃圾,既可解决环境污染问题,产生的沼气又可制备生物燃气,从而实现餐厨垃圾的资源化利用。餐厨垃圾的资源化属性使得单独收集、储存和利用成为未来处置此类垃圾的首要选择。但目前收运系统尚不完善,餐厨垃圾与生活垃圾混合填埋处理的现象仍很普遍,这不仅会引起二次污染,而且也造成资源浪费严重,不符合资源利用最大化的原则。本研究着重分析了具有发展前景的餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵技术,为提高餐厨垃圾的资源化无害化处理及其推广应用提供新思路。
我国餐厨垃圾厌氧处理技术现状分析及建议
Analysis and suggestion of current food waste anaerobic digestion technology in China
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摘要: 随着我国餐厨垃圾排放量的持续增加,已造成严重的环境污染防控压力。为促进我国餐厨垃圾的资源化利用和无害化处理处置,在文献调研的基础上,梳理了我国大中型餐厨沼气工程的发展现状,分析了导致沼气产率低、沼气回用量大等餐厨沼气亟待解决的低经济效益难题的根本原因,并结合实际情况提出餐厨垃圾厌氧消化技术相关的建议,以期为我国提高餐厨垃圾的资源化、无害化处理能力和水平提供参考。Abstract: The discharge of food waste continuously increased in our country, causing serious environmental pollution prevention and control pressure. Resource utilization and harmless treatment are the main development directions of food waste disposal. Based on literatures review, this paper summarizes the development status of large- and medium-sized biogas projects treating food waste, analyzes the underlying reasons for the urgent low economic benefits problem caused by low biogas productivity and too large amount of biogas for reuse, and puts forward the rationalization suggestions on food waste anaerobic digestion technology, providing reference for the capacity and level improvement of resource recovery and harmless treatment of food waste in China.
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Key words:
- food waste /
- treatment status /
- resource recovery /
- anaerobic digestion /
- suggestion
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