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随着现代液晶电子行业的兴起,清洗液晶电子产品而产生的废水也迅速增加[1]。液晶废水具有成分复杂、COD高及可生化性差的特点。液晶废水中一般都含有大量的烷基葡糖糖苷或烷基磺酸盐、表面活性剂(邻苯二甲酸酯类)和增塑剂(全氟羧酸类或全氟烷基磺酸类)[2-3],其中表面活性剂及增塑剂是强致癌物,对生物有强烈的抑制作用和毒害作用[4]。目前,国内七大水系中均不同程度地检测到表面活性剂及增塑剂,甚至在人体血液中也检测到这种污染物[5]。
高浓度液晶废水可生化性差,因此,物理-化学或物理-生物联合工艺是常用的处理方法。COLADES等[6]研究了电-芬顿降解液晶废水中的主要成分二甲基亚砜,COD去除率仅为79%,产生的中间产物很难去除;高天号等[7]采用芬顿-水解酸化-好氧生物处理组合工艺处理液晶废水,芬顿预处理可将废水COD容积负荷由0.3~0.35 kg·(m3·d)−1提高到0.55 kg·(m3·d)−1,为后期好氧生物降解提供保障;李洪瑞等[8]采用芬顿+水解酸化+好氧+超滤反渗透工艺深度处理高浓度液晶废水时发现,芬顿预处理为后续SBR的稳定运行奠定了基础,最终出水COD低于50 mg·L−1;彭娟华等[9]通过分析芬顿预处理前后钻井废水的紫外-可见吸收光谱峰值的变化,发现芬顿预处理可破坏有机物分子的苯环结构。
由此可见,芬顿预处理可将难生物降解的大分子有机物分解成可生物降解的小分子物质,提高了出水的可生化性。但芬顿反应会产生大量的铁泥危险废弃物,如何实现铁泥的资源化回收也是目前研究的热点。樊帆等[10]采用碱化法回收芬顿铁泥来制备高效磁性聚合硫酸铁;张丽丽等[11]设计了一种铁泥回用的芬顿法污水处理一体化装置,将芬顿产生的铁泥酸化、过滤、紫外双氧水二次氧化、电解,将Fe3+还原为Fe2+,获得再生的Fe2+催化剂,完成铁泥的循环利用。在上述研究中,均需要向铁泥中投加化学试剂来实现铁泥的转化。微波热解是一种新颖的污泥处理工艺,在无需外加试剂的条件下,可直接将铁泥转化为高附加值的氧化铁。为实现液晶废水的高效处理及铁泥的资源化回收,本研究设计了一种芬顿-SBR-微波热解联合工艺,研究了联合工艺的运行条件,并分析了芬顿-SBR联合工艺处理液晶废水的反应机理。
芬顿-SBR-微波热解联合处理高浓度液晶废水
High concentration liquid crystal wastewater treatment with Fenton-SBR-microwave pyrolysis integrated process
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摘要: 针对高浓度液晶废水可生化性差及难降解的问题,设计了芬顿-SBR-微波热解联合工艺。研究了芬顿-SBR-微波热解联合工艺实验条件;分析了SBR工艺运行稳定性;探讨了联合工艺处理液晶废水的反应机理。结果表明,在最佳实验条件下,芬顿-SBR联合工艺去除液晶废水COD高达99.6%,MLSS和SVI分别稳定在4 500 mg·L−1和65%左右,出水COD为450~490 mg·L−1,出水水质满足《污水排入城镇下水道水质标准》(GB/T 31962-2015)中B级标准。微波热解可把芬顿预处理产生的铁泥转热解成高附加值的氧化铁;芬顿预处理可将大分子有机物降解为小分子有机酸,提高出水的可生化性,为后续SBR的稳定运行提供保证。Abstract: An efficient Fenton-SBR-microwave pyrolysis integrated process was designed to treat liquid crystal wastewater with poor biodegradability and refractory property. The experimental conditions of Fenton-SBR-microwave pyrolysis and running stability of SBR as well as the treatment mechanism of the integrated process were investigated in turn. Results showed that 99.6% COD of the liquid crystal wastewater was removed at the optimal conditions. The MLSS and SVI remained stable at 4 500 mg·L−1 and 65%, respectively, and the effluent COD ranged from 450 to 490 mg·L−1, so the effluent water quality could meet the level B of Water Quality Standard for Sewage Discharged into Urban Sewerage (GB/T 31962-2015). Through microwave pyrolysis, high value-added Fe2O3 could be obtained from iron mud produced from Fenton pretreatment. Fenton preoxidation could degrade the high molecular organics into low molecular organic acid, increase the biodegradability of the effluent, and ensure the stable operation of SBR process.
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Key words:
- liquid crystal wastewater /
- Fenton /
- SBR /
- microwave pyrolysis /
- COD
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表 1 芬顿-SBR联合工艺各工段进出水水质参数
Table 1. Influent and effluent water quality parameters at each stage in Fenton-SBR integrated process
周期 芬顿进水COD/(mg·L−1) 芬顿出水COD/(mg·L−1) SBR进水COD/(mg·L−1) SBR出水COD/(mg·L−1) SBR进水SSLV/(mg·L−1) SBR出水SSLV/(mg·L−1) SBR进水SVI/% SBR出水SSLV/% 1 1.5×105 8 000 2 000 450 4 500 3 200 62 42 2 1.5×105 7 900 2 600 450 4 500 2 800 65 38 3 1.5×105 8 300 2 800 480 4 500 2 500 64 35 4 1.5×105 7 800 2 600 490 4 500 2 900 68 40 5 1.5×105 7 700 2 600 480 4 500 3 600 65 48 6 1.5×105 7 900 2 600 470 4 500 4 200 65 56 7 1.5×105 8 000 2 700 490 4 500 4 400 65 65 8 1.5×105 7 900 2 600 480 4 500 4 400 65 65 -
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